這首詩我選擇了羅洛的譯文,它是從瑪麗·巴納德1958年的英譯本轉(zhuǎn)譯來的。瑪麗·巴納德的譯本被評(píng)論家譽(yù)為“接近完美的英譯本”,今天已經(jīng)成為英語世界里的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)薩福了。It was you, Atthis, who said,這就是瑪麗的譯文:
It was you, Atthis, who said
Sappho, if you will not get
up and let us look at you
I shall never love you again!
Get up, unleash your suppleness,
lift off your Chian nightdress
and, like a lily leaning into
a spring, bathe in the water.
Cleis is bringing your best
pruple frock and the yellow
tunic down from the clothes chest;
you will have a cloak thrown over
you and flowers crowning your hair...
Praxinoa, my child, will you please
roast nuts for our breakfast? One
of the gods is being good to us:
today we are going at last
into Mitylene, our favorite
city, with Sappho, loveliest
of its women; she will walk
among us like a mother with
all her daughters around her
"when she comes home from exile..."
But you forget everything
(tr. Mary Barnard)
這首詩沒有出神入化的奇妙修辭,也沒有擲地有聲的金石良言,只似閑話家常般娓娓道來,除了第一句薩福勾起回憶和末一句“但是,這一切都已被你忘記”,全是詩人追想阿狄司的種種話語。一切都是為了末句服務(wù)——做足最溫馨的鋪墊,只為末句最悲傷的逆轉(zhuǎn)。在兩千六百年前,薩福就已經(jīng)悟出鋪陳與逆轉(zhuǎn)的詩藝了,這是多么令人驚嘆啊。
就這樣,薩福和阿狄司,還有許許多多的女孩子生活在天堂一般的萊斯博斯島上,她們一同祭祀阿佛洛狄忒。薩福還教女孩子們各種美的技藝,除了詩歌、音樂和舞蹈之外,還有化妝術(shù)、美容術(shù)和……廚藝!所以,有人猜測(cè)薩福一定是辦了一座女子學(xué)園,就像柏拉圖的那個(gè)學(xué)園一樣;還有人猜測(cè)薩福和她的女弟子們是最早的一批女同性戀者,她們構(gòu)建了一處女子天堂,遠(yuǎn)離男權(quán)主宰的世界。
時(shí)至今日,英文里表示女同性戀的兩個(gè)名詞——Sapphism和Lesbianism,詞根分別就是薩福(Sappho)和萊斯博斯(Lesbos),沒人考證得清這究竟源自猜測(cè)還是誤解。人們只覺得這是一些奇異的女子,她們不合常規(guī),我行我素,像詩歌一樣不可捉摸。但是,只要一個(gè)人還不曾徹底喪失詩意的話,便會(huì)覺得這些女子實(shí)在是這個(gè)世界上最不可或缺的,因?yàn)樗欢〞?huì)相信她們的話:
……如果沒有我們的聲音
就沒有合唱,如果
沒有歌曲,就沒有開花的樹林。
(羅洛譯)
while no voices chanted
choruses without ours,
no woodlot bloomed in spring without song...
(tr. Mary Barnard)