《化工過程分析、綜合與設(shè)計(jì)》是Richard Turton、Joseph A. Shaeiwitz、Debangsu Bhattacharyya和Wallace B. Whiting教授所著的國(guó)際經(jīng)典教材。本書是原著第五版的***,從化工設(shè)計(jì)所需的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)講起,指導(dǎo)完整設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)化工流程,每篇分別講述了設(shè)計(jì)過程所涉及的方方面面,包括化工過程的概念與分析、工程經(jīng)濟(jì)分析、合成與優(yōu)化,化工設(shè)備和工藝設(shè)備的設(shè)計(jì)與性能,化工設(shè)計(jì)對(duì)社會(huì)的影響,以及人際關(guān)系和溝通技巧。本書包括最新的安全和倫理資源,并重點(diǎn)介紹了常見單元操作的設(shè)備設(shè)計(jì),如流體流動(dòng)、傳熱、分離、反應(yīng)器等。以15種化工工藝和6個(gè)工程項(xiàng)目為例,論述了化工設(shè)計(jì)常用方法,重點(diǎn)解釋了設(shè)計(jì)思路。《化工過程分析、綜合與設(shè)計(jì)》可作為高等學(xué)校化工及相關(guān)專業(yè)本科生的教材和畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)指導(dǎo)參考書,也可供石油與化工、制藥及輕工等行業(yè)從事科研開發(fā)、生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理和工程設(shè)計(jì)的人員及研究生參考。
作者簡(jiǎn)介
理查德·特頓(Richard Turton)在過去的32年里,一直在西弗吉尼亞大學(xué)教授設(shè)計(jì)及相關(guān)課程。在此之前,他在設(shè)計(jì)和建筑行業(yè)工作了5年。他的主要研究方向是設(shè)計(jì)和過程系統(tǒng)建模。約瑟夫·A. 謝維茨(Joseph A. Shaeiwitz)在西弗吉尼亞大學(xué)教授設(shè)計(jì)及相關(guān)課程超過25年。他現(xiàn)在在奧本大學(xué)教授設(shè)計(jì)課程。他的研究方向包括過程設(shè)計(jì)和成果評(píng)估。德邦蘇·巴塔查里亞(Debangsu Bhattacharyya)擁有十余年大型煉油廠的工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)。在煉油廠工作期間,他從事工藝操作、裝置開車、大規(guī)模工藝模擬和過程控制工作。他的主要研究方向是過程建模、動(dòng)態(tài)仿真、狀態(tài)估計(jì)、傳感器配置和高級(jí)過程控制。華萊士·B. 懷廷(Wallace B. Whiting)是內(nèi)華達(dá)大學(xué)里諾分校的名譽(yù)教授,從事化工工藝設(shè)計(jì)的實(shí)踐和教學(xué)工作超過24年。
第1篇 Conceptualization and Analysis of Chemical Processes
化工過程的概念與分析 7
第1章 Diagrams for Understanding Chemical Processes
了解化工過程的圖表 9
1.1 Block Flow Diagram (BFD) / 程序框圖(BFD)/ 11
1.1.1 Block Flow Process Diagram / 方框流程圖 / 11
1.1.2 Block Flow Plant Diagram / 方塊流程工廠圖 / 12
1.2 Process Flow Diagram (PFD) / 工藝流程圖(PFD)/ 14
1.2.1 Process Topology / 流程拓?fù)?/ 14
1.2.2 Stream Information / 物流數(shù)據(jù) / 18
1.2.3 Equipment Information / 設(shè)備信息 / 21
1.2.4 Combining Topology, Stream Data, and Control Strategy to Give a PFD / 結(jié)合拓?fù)?、物流?shù)據(jù)和控制策略的PFD圖 / 21
1.3 Piping and Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID) / 管道及儀表流程圖(P&ID)/ 27
1.4 Additional Diagrams / 附加圖表 / 32
1.5 Three-Dimensional Representation of a Process / 過程的三維表示 / 34
1.6 The 3-D Plant Model / 三維工廠模型 / 41
1.7 Operator and 3-D Immersive Training Simulators / 操作員及3-D沉浸式訓(xùn)練仿真器 / 43
1.7.1 Operator Training Simulators (OTS) / 操作員訓(xùn)練仿真器(OTS)/ 43
1.7.2 3-D Immersive Training Simulators (ITS) / 三維沉浸式訓(xùn)練仿真器(ITS)/ 45
1.7.3 Linking the ITS with an OTS / 連接ITS和OTS / 46
1.8 Summary / 總結(jié) / 48
References / 參考文獻(xiàn) / 49
Short Answer Questions / 簡(jiǎn)答題 / 49
Problems / 習(xí)題 / 50
第2章 The Structure and Synthesis of Process Flow Diagrams
工藝流程圖的結(jié)構(gòu)與綜合 55
2.1 Hierarchy of Process Design / 過程設(shè)計(jì)的層次結(jié)構(gòu) / 55
2.2 Step 1—Batch versus Continuous Process / 步驟1——間歇過程與連續(xù)過程 / 56
2.3 Step 2—The Input/Output Structure of the Process / 步驟2——過程的輸入/輸出結(jié)構(gòu) / 60
2.3.1 Process Concept Diagram / 過程概念圖 / 60
2.3.2 The Input/Output Structure of the Process Flow Diagram / 工藝流程圖的輸入/輸出結(jié)構(gòu) / 61
2.3.3 The Input/Output Structure and Other Features of the Generic Block Flow Process Diagram / 通用方框流程圖的輸入/輸出結(jié)構(gòu)及其他特征 / 63
2.3.4 Other Considerations for the Input/Output Structure of the Process Flowsheet / 工藝流程圖輸入/輸出結(jié)構(gòu)的其他考慮因素 / 65
2.3.5 What Information Can Be Determined Using the Input/Output Diagram for a Process? / 使用過程的輸入/輸出圖可以確定哪些信息 / 68
2.4 Step 3—The Recycle Structure of the Process / 第三步——過程的循環(huán)結(jié)構(gòu) / 70
2.4.1 Efficiency of Raw Material Usage / 原材料使用效率 / 70
2.4.2 Identification and Definition of the Recycle Structure of the Process / 工藝循環(huán)結(jié)構(gòu)的識(shí)別和定義 / 71
2.4.3 Other Issues Affecting the Recycle Structure That Lead to Process Alternatives / 影響導(dǎo)致工藝替代的循環(huán)結(jié)構(gòu)的其他問題 / 75
2.5 Step 4—General Structure of the Separation System / 第4步——分離系統(tǒng)的一般結(jié)構(gòu) / 83
2.6 Step 5—Heat-Exchanger Network or Process Energy Recovery System / 第5步——換熱網(wǎng)絡(luò)或過程能量回收系統(tǒng) / 83
2.7 Information Required and Sources / 所需信息和來源 / 83
2.8 Summary / 總結(jié) / 83
References / 參考文獻(xiàn) / 85
Short Answer Questions / 簡(jiǎn)答題 / 86
Problems / 習(xí)題 / 86
第3章 Batch Processing
間歇過程 91
3.1 Design Calculations for Batch Processes / 間歇過程的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 / 91
3.2 Gantt Charts and Scheduling / 甘特圖和進(jìn)度計(jì)劃 / 97
3.3 Nonoverlapping Operations, Overlapping Operations, and Cycle Times / 非重疊操作、重疊操作和周期時(shí)間 / 98
3.4 Flowshop and Jobshop Plants / 流水線和車間工廠 / 101
3.4.1 Flowshop Plants / 流水線工廠 / 101
3.4.2 Jobshop Plants / 車間工廠 / 103
3.5 Product and Intermediate Storage and Parallel Process Units / 產(chǎn)品和中間存儲(chǔ)及并行處理單元 / 106
3.5.1 Product Storage for Single-Product Campaigns / 單一產(chǎn)品活動(dòng)的產(chǎn)品存儲(chǔ) / 106
3.5.2 Intermediate Storage / 中間存儲(chǔ) / 108
3.5.3 Parallel Process Units / 并行處理單元 / 110
3.6 Design of Equipment for Multiproduct Batch Processes / 多產(chǎn)品間歇處理設(shè)備的設(shè)計(jì) / 111
3.7 Summary / 總結(jié) / 113
References / 參考文獻(xiàn) / 114
Short Answer Questions / 簡(jiǎn)答題 / 114
Problems / 習(xí)題 / 114
第5章 Tracing Chemicals through the Process Flow Diagram / 通過工藝流程圖追蹤化學(xué)品 135
5.1 Guidelines and Tactics for Tracing Chemicals / 追蹤化學(xué)品的指南和策略 / 135
5.2 Tracing Primary Paths Taken by Chemicals in a Chemical Process / 追蹤化學(xué)品在化學(xué)過程中的主要路徑 / 136
5.3 Recycle and Bypass Streams / 循環(huán)和旁通流 / 142
5.4 Tracing Nonreacting Chemicals / 追蹤不反應(yīng)的化學(xué)品 / 145
5.5 Limitations / 局限性 / 145
5.6 Written Process Description / 書面流程概況 / 146
5.7 Summary / 總結(jié) / 147
Problems / 習(xí)題 / 147
第6章 Understanding Process Conditions
了解工藝條件 149
6.1 Conditions of Special Concern for the Operation of Separation and Reactor Systems / 分離和反應(yīng)器系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行的特別關(guān)注條件 / 150
6.1.1 Pressure / 壓力 / 150
6.1.2 Temperature / 溫度 / 150
6.2 Reasons for Operating at Conditions of Special Concern / 在特別關(guān)注條件下操作的原因 / 152
6.3 Conditions of Special Concern for the Operation of Other Equipment / 其他設(shè)備運(yùn)行需要特別關(guān)注的條件 / 155
6.4 Analysis of Important Process Conditions / 關(guān)鍵工藝條件分析 / 158
6.4.1 Evaluation of Reactor R-101 / 反應(yīng)器R-101的評(píng)估 / 158
6.4.2 Evaluation of High-Pressure Phase Separator V-102 / 高壓相分離器V-102的評(píng)估 / 164
6.4.3 Evaluation of Large Temperature Driving Force in Exchanger E-101 / 換熱器E-101中高溫驅(qū)動(dòng)力的評(píng)估 / 164
6.4.4 Evaluation of Exchanger E-102 / 換熱器E-102的評(píng)估 / 164
6.4.5 Pressure Control Valve on Stream 8 / 流路8上的壓力控制閥 / 164
6.4.6 Pressure Control Valve on Stream from V-102 to V-103 / V-102至V-103流路上的壓力控制閥 / 164
6.5 Summary / 總結(jié) / 165
References / 參考文獻(xiàn) / 165
Short Answer Questions / 簡(jiǎn)答題 / 165
Problems / 習(xí)題 / 166
第2篇 Engineering Economic Analysis of Chemical Processes
化工過程的工程經(jīng)濟(jì)分析 169
第7章 Estimation of Capital Costs
固定成本估算 171
7.1 Classifications of Capital Cost Estimates / 固定成本估算的分類 / 172
7.2 Estimation of Purchased Equipment Costs / 采購設(shè)備成本估算 / 175
7.2.1 Effect of Capacity on Purchased Equipment Cost / 產(chǎn)能對(duì)采購設(shè)備成本的影響 / 175
7.2.2 Effect of Time on Purchased Equipment Cost / 時(shí)間對(duì)采購設(shè)備成本的影響 / 179
7.3 Estimating the Total Capital Cost of a Plant / 估算工廠的總固定成本 / 182
7.3.1 Lang Factor Technique / 朗因子技術(shù) / 184
7.3.2 Module Costing Technique / 模塊成本技術(shù) / 185
7.3.3 Bare Module Cost for Equipment at Base Conditions / 基本條件下設(shè)備的裸模塊成本 / 186
7.3.4 Bare Module Cost for Non-Base-Case Conditions / 非基本條件下的裸模塊成本 / 189
7.3.5 Combination of Pressure and MOC Information to Give the Bare Module Factor, FBM, and Bare Module Cost, CBM / 結(jié)合壓力和MOC信息得出裸模塊系數(shù)(FBM)和裸模塊成本(CBM)/ 199
7.3.6 Algorithm for Calculating Bare Module Costs / 計(jì)算裸模塊成本的算法 / 200
7.3.7 Grassroots (Green Field) and Total Module Costs / 基層(綠地)和總模塊成本 / 201
7.3.8 A Computer Program (CAPCOST) for Capital Cost Estimation Using the Equipment Module Approach / 用設(shè)備模塊法進(jìn)行固定成本估算的計(jì)算機(jī)程序(CAPCOST)/ 204
7.4 Estimation of Plant Costs Based on Capacity Information / 基于產(chǎn)能信息的工廠成本估算 / 206
7.5 Summary / 總結(jié) / 208
References / 參考文獻(xiàn) / 208
Short Answer Questions / 簡(jiǎn)答題 / 209
Problems / 習(xí)題 / 210
第8章 Estimation of Manufacturing Costs
生產(chǎn)成本的估算 213
8.1 Factors Affecting the Cost of Manufacturing a Chemical Product / 影響化工產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)成本的因素 / 213
8.2 Cost of Operating Labor / 運(yùn)營(yíng)人工成本 / 218
8.3 Utility Costs / 公用設(shè)施成本 / 219
8.3.1 Background Information on Utilities / 公用設(shè)施的背景信息 / 219
8.3.2 Calculation of Utility Costs / 公用設(shè)施成本計(jì)算 / 221
8.4 Raw Material Costs / 原材料成本 / 234
8.5 Yearly Costs and Stream Factors / 年度成本和生產(chǎn)定額 / 237
8.6 Estimating Utility Costs from the PFD / 根據(jù)PFD估算公用設(shè)施成本 / 238
8.7 Cost of Treating Liquid and Solid Waste Streams / 處理液體和固體廢物流的成本 / 240
8.8 Evaluation of Cost of Manufacture for the Production of Benzene via the Hydrodealkylation of Toluene / 甲苯加氫脫烷基制苯的生產(chǎn)成本估算 / 241
8.9 Summary / 總結(jié) / 242
References / 參考文獻(xiàn) / 243
Short Answer Questions / 簡(jiǎn)答題 / 243
Problems / 習(xí)題 / 244
第9章 Engineering Economic Analysis
工程經(jīng)濟(jì)分析 247
9.1 Investments and the Time Value of Money / 投資與貨幣的時(shí)間價(jià)值 / 248
9.2 Different Types of Interest / 不同類型的利率 / 251
9.2.1 Simple Interest / 單利 / 252
9.2.2 Compound Interest / 復(fù)利 / 252
9.2.3 Interest Rates Changing with Time / 利率隨時(shí)間的變化 / 253
9.3 Time Basis for Compound Interest Calculations / 復(fù)利計(jì)算的時(shí)間基準(zhǔn) / 254
9.3.1 Effective Annual Interest Rate / 實(shí)際年利率 / 254
9.3.2 Continuously Compounded Interest / 連續(xù)復(fù)利 / 255
9.4 Cash Flow Diagrams / 現(xiàn)金流通圖 / 255
9.4.1 Discrete Cash Flow Diagram / 離散現(xiàn)金流通圖 / 256
9.4.2 Cumulative Cash Flow Diagram / 累積現(xiàn)金流通圖 / 258
9.5 Calculations from Cash Flow Diagrams / 現(xiàn)金流通圖計(jì)算 / 259
9.5.1 Annuities—A Uniform Series of Cash Transactions / 年金——統(tǒng)一的現(xiàn)金交易系列 / 260
9.5.2 Discount Factors / 折現(xiàn)系數(shù) / 261
9.6 Inflation / 通貨膨脹 / 266
9.7 Depreciation of Capital Investment / 資本投資折舊 / 268
9.7.1 Fixed Capital, Working Capital, and Land / 固定資本、營(yíng)運(yùn)資本和土地 / 269
9.7.2 Different Types of Depreciation / 不同類型的折舊 / 269
9.7.3 Current Depreciation Method (2017): Modified Accelerated Cost Recovery System (MACRS) / 現(xiàn)行折舊方法(2017年):修正的加速成本回收系統(tǒng)(MACRS)/ 273
9.8 Taxation, Cash Flow, and Profit / 稅收、現(xiàn)金流和利潤(rùn) / 274
9.9 Summary / 總結(jié) / 277
References / 參考文獻(xiàn) / 277
Short Answer Questions / 簡(jiǎn)答題 / 278
Problems / 習(xí)題 / 278
第10章 Profitability Analysis
盈利能力分析 285
10.1 A Typical Cash Flow Diagram for a New Project / 新項(xiàng)目的典型現(xiàn)金流通圖 / 285
10.2 Profitability Criteria for Project Evaluation / 評(píng)估項(xiàng)目的盈利標(biāo)準(zhǔn) / 287
10.2.1 Nondiscounted Profitability Criteria / 無折現(xiàn)盈利標(biāo)準(zhǔn) / 287
10.2.2 Discounted Profitability Criteria / 折現(xiàn)盈利標(biāo)準(zhǔn) / 291
10.3 Comparing Several Large Projects: Incremental Economic Analysis / 比較幾個(gè)大型項(xiàng)目:增量經(jīng)濟(jì)分析 / 295
10.4 Establishing Acceptable Returns from Investments: The Concept of Risk / 建立可接受的投資回報(bào):風(fēng)險(xiǎn)概念 / 298
10.5 Evaluation of Equipment Alternatives / 設(shè)備替代品評(píng)估 / 299
10.5.1 Equipment with the Same Expected Operating Lives / 具有相同預(yù)期使用壽命的設(shè)備 / 299
10.5.2 Equipment with Different Expected Operating Lives / 具有不同預(yù)期使用壽命的設(shè)備 / 300
10.6 Incremental Analysis for Retrofitting Facilities / 改造設(shè)施的增量分析 / 305
10.6.1 Nondiscounted Methods for Incremental Analysis / 增量分析的無折現(xiàn)方法 / 305
10.6.2 Discounted Methods for Incremental Analysis / 增量分析的折現(xiàn)方法 / 308
10.7 Evaluation of Risk in Evaluating Profitability / 評(píng)估盈利能力時(shí)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估 / 309
10.7.1 Forecasting Uncertainty in Chemical Processes / 化工過程的不確定性預(yù)測(cè) / 310
10.7.2 Quantifying Risk / 量化風(fēng)險(xiǎn) / 314
10.8 Profit Margin Analysis / 利潤(rùn)率分析 / 325
10.9 Summary / 總結(jié) / 326
References / 參考文獻(xiàn) / 327
Short Answer Questions / 簡(jiǎn)答題 / 327
Problems / 習(xí)題 / 328
第3篇 Synthesis and Optimization of Chemical Processes
化工過程的合成與優(yōu)化 343
第11章 Utilizing Experience-Based Principles to Confirm the Suitability of a Process Design
利用基于經(jīng)驗(yàn)的原則來確認(rèn)過程設(shè)計(jì)的適用性 347
11.1 The Role of Experience in the Design Process / 設(shè)計(jì)過程中經(jīng)驗(yàn)的作用 / 348
11.1.1 Introduction to Technical Heuristics and Shortcut Methods / 技術(shù)探索法和簡(jiǎn)捷法簡(jiǎn)介 / 348
11.1.2 Maximizing the Benefits Obtained from Experience / 從經(jīng)驗(yàn)中獲得最大化利益 / 349
11.2 Presentation of Tables of Technical Heuristics and Guidelines / 技術(shù)探索法和指南表格 / 351
11.3 Summary / 總結(jié) / 354
List of Informational Tables / 信息表 / 354
References / 參考文獻(xiàn) / 368
Problems / 習(xí)題 / 368
第12章 Synthesis of the PFD from the Generic BFD
從通用BFD合成PFD 369
12.1 Information Needs and Sources / 信息需求和來源 / 370
12.1.1 Interactions with Other Engineers and Scientists / 與其他工程師和科學(xué)家交流 / 370
12.1.2 Reaction Kinetics Data / 反應(yīng)動(dòng)力學(xué)數(shù)據(jù) / 370
12.1.3 Physical Property Data / 物性數(shù)據(jù) / 371
12.2 Reactor Section / 反應(yīng)器部分 / 372
12.3 Separator Section / 分離器部分 / 373
12.3.1 General Guidelines for Choosing Separation Operations / 選擇分離操作的一般準(zhǔn)則 / 374
12.3.2 Sequencing of Distillation Columns for Simple Distillation / 簡(jiǎn)單蒸餾的蒸餾塔排序 / 376
12.3.3 Azeotropic Distillation / 共沸蒸餾 / 378
12.4 Reactor Feed Preparation and Separator Feed Preparation Sections / 反應(yīng)器進(jìn)料和分離器進(jìn)料部分 / 388
12.5 Recycle Section / 再循環(huán)部分 / 389
12.6 Environmental Control Section / 環(huán)境控制組 / 389
12.7 Major Process Control Loops / 主要過程控制回路 / 390
12.8 Flow Summary Table / 流量匯總表 / 390
12.9 Major Equipment Summary Table / 主要設(shè)備匯總表 / 390
12.10 Summary / 總結(jié) / 391
References / 參考文獻(xiàn) / 391
Problems / 習(xí)題 / 392
第13章 Synthesis of a Process Using a Simulator and Simulator Troubleshooting
使用模擬器進(jìn)行過程合成及模擬器故障排除 397
13.1 The Structure of a Process Simulator / 過程模擬器的結(jié)構(gòu) / 398
13.2 Information Required to Complete a Process Simulation: Input Data / 完成過程模擬所需的信息:輸入數(shù)據(jù) / 401
13.2.1 Selection of Chemical Components / 化學(xué)成分的選擇 / 401
13.2.2 Selection of Physical Property Models / 物性模型的選擇 / 401
13.2.3 Selection and Input of Flowsheet Topology / 流程拓?fù)涞倪x擇和輸入 / 404
13.2.4 Selection of Feed Stream Properties / 進(jìn)料物流特性的選擇 / 404
13.2.5 Selection of Equipment Parameters / 設(shè)備參數(shù)的選擇 / 405
13.2.6 Selection of Output Display Options / 輸出顯示選項(xiàng)的選擇 / 411
13.2.7 Selection of Convergence Criteria and Running a Simulation / 收斂性判定準(zhǔn)則的選擇與仿真 / 411
13.2.8 Common Errors in Using Simulators / 使用模擬器的常見錯(cuò)誤 / 412
13.3 Handling Recycle Streams / 處理再循環(huán)流 / 413
13.4 Choosing Thermodynamic Models / 選擇熱力學(xué)模型 / 415
13.4.1 Pure-Component Properties / 純組分性質(zhì) / 416
13.4.2 Enthalpy / 焓 / 416
13.4.3 Phase Equilibria / 相平衡 / 416
13.4.4 Using Thermodynamic Models / 使用熱力學(xué)模型 / 424
13.5 Case Study: Toluene Hydrodealkylation Process / 案例研究:甲苯加氫脫烷基化工藝 / 426
13.6 Electrolyte Systems Modeling / 電解質(zhì)系統(tǒng)建模 / 428
13.6.1 Fundamentals of Modeling Electrolyte Systems / 電解質(zhì)系統(tǒng)建模基礎(chǔ) / 429
13.6.2 Steps Needed to Build the Model of an Aqueous Electrolyte System and the Estimation of Parameters / 建立水電解質(zhì)系統(tǒng)模型的步驟和參數(shù)估計(jì) / 435
13.7 Solids Modeling / 實(shí)體模型 / 440
13.7.1 Physical Properties / 物理性質(zhì) / 440
13.7.2 Parameter Requirements for Solids Model / 實(shí)體模型的參數(shù)要求 / 442
附錄13.1 Calculation of Excess Gibbs Energy for Electrolyte Systems
電解質(zhì)系統(tǒng)超額吉布斯能的計(jì)算 / 445
附錄13.2 Steps to Build a Model of a Distillation Column for an Electrolyte System Using a Rate-Based Simulation with a Film Model for Mass Transfer, the Parameters Required at Each Stage, and Possible Sources of These Parameters
使用基于速率的模擬建立電解質(zhì)系統(tǒng)精餾塔模型的步驟,包括傳質(zhì)薄膜模型、每個(gè)階段所需的參數(shù)以及這些參數(shù)的可能來源 / 447
13.8 Summary / 總結(jié) / 450
References / 參考文獻(xiàn) / 451
Short Answer Questions / 簡(jiǎn)答題 / 454
Problems / 習(xí)題 / 455
第14章 Process Optimization
過程優(yōu)化 463
14.1 Background Information on Optimization / 優(yōu)化的背景信息 / 463
14.1.1 Common Misconceptions / 常見誤區(qū) / 465
14.1.2 Estimating Problem Difficulty / 評(píng)估問題難度 / 467
14.1.3 Top-Down and Bottom-Up Strategies / 自上而下法和自下而上法 / 468
14.1.4 Communication of Optimization Results / 優(yōu)化結(jié)果的討論 / 468
14.2 Strategies / 方法 / 469
14.2.1 Base Case / 基本情況 / 469
14.2.2 Objective Functions / 目標(biāo)函數(shù) / 470
14.2.3 Analysis of the Base Costs / 基礎(chǔ)成本分析 / 471
14.2.4 Identifying and Prioritizing Key Decision Variable / 識(shí)別關(guān)鍵決策變量并確定其優(yōu)先級(jí) / 471
14.3 Topological Optimization / 拓?fù)鋬?yōu)化 / 473
14.3.1 Introduction / 引言 / 473
14.3.2 Elimination of Unwanted Nonhazardous By-Products or Hazardous Waste Streams / 消除不需要的無害副產(chǎn)品或危險(xiǎn)廢物流 / 473
14.3.3 Elimination and Rearrangement of Equipment / 設(shè)備的淘汰和重新布置 / 475
14.3.4 Alternative Separation Schemes and Reactor Configurations / 可選的分離方案和反應(yīng)器配置 / 477
14.4 Parametric Optimization / 參數(shù)優(yōu)化 / 479
14.4.1 Single-Variable Optimization: A Case Study on T-201, the DME Separation Column / 單變量?jī)?yōu)化:二甲醚分離塔T-201的實(shí)例研究 / 480
14.4.2 Two-Variable Optimization: The Effect of Pressure and Reflux Ratio on T-201, the DME Separation Column / 雙變量?jī)?yōu)化:壓力和回流比對(duì)二甲醚分離塔T-201的影響 / 481
14.4.3 Flowsheet Optimization Using Key Decision Variables / 利用關(guān)鍵決策變量進(jìn)行過程優(yōu)化 / 484
14.5 Lattice Search, Response Surface, and Mathematical Optimization Techniques / 點(diǎn)陣搜索、響應(yīng)面和數(shù)學(xué)優(yōu)化技術(shù) / 489
14.6 Process Flexibility and the Sensitivity of the Optimum / 過程靈活性和最佳靈敏度 / 489
14.7 Optimization in Batch Systems / 間歇處理系統(tǒng)中的優(yōu)化 / 490
14.7.1 Problem of Scheduling Equipment / 設(shè)備調(diào)度問題 / 490
14.7.2 Problem of Optimum Cycle Time / 最佳周期問題 / 495
14.8 Summary / 總結(jié) / 497
References / 參考文獻(xiàn) / 498
Short Answer Questions / 簡(jiǎn)答題 / 498
Problems / 習(xí)題 / 498
第15章 Pinch Technology
夾點(diǎn)技術(shù) 509
15.1 Introduction / 引言 / 509
15.2 Heat Integration and Network Design / 熱集成和網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計(jì) / 510
15.3 Composite Temperature-Enthalpy Diagram / 復(fù)合溫度-焓圖 / 523
15.4 Composite Enthalpy Curves for Systems without a Pinch / 無夾點(diǎn)系統(tǒng)的復(fù)合焓曲線 / 524
15.5 Using the Composite Enthalpy Curve to Estimate Heat-Exchanger Surface Area / 用復(fù)合焓曲線估算換熱器表面積 / 525
15.6 Effectiveness Factor (F ) and the Number of Shells / 有效系數(shù)(F)和殼程數(shù) / 529
15.7 Combining Costs to Give the EAOC for the Network / 綜合成本給出網(wǎng)絡(luò)的EAOC / 534
15.8 Other Considerations / 其他注意事項(xiàng) / 536
15.8.1 Materials of Construction and Operating Pressure Issues / 設(shè)備材料和操作壓力 / 536
15.8.2 Problems with Multiple Utilities / 多個(gè)公用設(shè)施 / 539
15.8.3 Handling Streams with Phase Changes / 處理相變流 / 539
15.9 Heat-Exchanger Network Synthesis Analysis and Design (HENSAD) Program / 換熱器網(wǎng)絡(luò)綜合分析與設(shè)計(jì)(HENSAD)程序 / 540
15.10 Mass-Exchange Networks / 質(zhì)量交換網(wǎng)絡(luò) / 541
15.11 Summary / 總結(jié) / 550
References / 參考文獻(xiàn) / 550
Short Answer Questions / 簡(jiǎn)答題 / 551
Problems / 習(xí)題 / 552
第16章 Advanced Topics Using Steady-State Simulators
使用穩(wěn)態(tài)模擬器的前沿主題 561
16.1 Why the Need for Advanced Topics in Steady-State Simulation? / 為什么要在穩(wěn)態(tài)模擬中討論前沿話題 / 562
16.2 User-Added Models / 用戶添加模型 / 562
16.2.1 Unit Operation Models / 單元操作模型 / 563
16.2.2 User Thermodynamic and Transport Models / 用戶熱力學(xué)和傳輸模型 / 564
16.2.3 User Kinetic Models / 用戶動(dòng)力學(xué)模型 / 568
16.3 Solution Strategy for Steady-State Simulations / 穩(wěn)態(tài)模擬的方案策略 / 571
16.3.1 Sequential Modular (SM) / 序貫?zāi)K法(SM)/ 572
16.3.2 Equation-Oriented (EO) / 聯(lián)立方程法(EO)/ 585
16.3.3 Simultaneous Modular (SMod) / 同步模塊化(SMod)/ 586
16.4 Studies with the Steady-State Simulation / 穩(wěn)態(tài)模擬研究 / 589
16.4.1 Sensitivity Studies / 靈敏度研究 / 589
16.4.2 Optimization Studies / 優(yōu)化研究 / 589
16.5 Estimation of Physical Property Parameters / 物性參數(shù)評(píng)估 / 601
16.6 Summary / 總結(jié) / 605
References / 參考文獻(xiàn) / 605
Short Answer Questions / 簡(jiǎn)答題 / 607
Problems / 習(xí)題 / 607
第17章 Using Dynamic Simulators in Process Design
在過程設(shè)計(jì)中使用動(dòng)態(tài)模擬器 617
17.1 Why Is There a Need for Dynamic Simulation? / 為什么需要?jiǎng)討B(tài)模擬 / 618
17.2 Setting Up a Dynamic Simulation / 建立動(dòng)態(tài)模擬 / 619
17.2.1 Step 1: Topological Change in the Steady-State Simulation / 步驟1:穩(wěn)態(tài)模擬中的拓?fù)渥兓?/ 619
17.2.2 Step 2: Equipment Geometry and Size / 步驟2:設(shè)備幾何形狀和尺寸 / 622
17.2.3 Step 3: Additional Dynamic Data/Dynamic Specification / 步驟3:附加動(dòng)態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)/動(dòng)態(tài)規(guī)范 / 624
17.3 Dynamic Simulation Solution Methods / 動(dòng)態(tài)模擬求解方法 / 633
17.3.1 Initialization / 賦初值 / 634
17.3.2 Solution of the DAE System / DAE系統(tǒng)求解方法 / 634
17.4 Process Control / 過程控制 / 639
17.5 Summary / 總結(jié) / 647
References / 參考文獻(xiàn) / 647
Short Answer Questions / 簡(jiǎn)答題 / 648
Problems / 習(xí)題 / 649
第18章 Regulation and Control of Chemical Processes with Applications Using Commercial Software
使用商業(yè)軟件對(duì)化工過程進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié)和控制 655
18.1 A Simple Regulation Problem / 一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的調(diào)節(jié)問題 / 656
18.2 The Characteristics of Regulating Valves / 調(diào)節(jié)閥的特性 / 657
18.3 Regulating Flowrates and Pressures / 調(diào)節(jié)流量和壓力 / 660
18.4 The Measurement of Process Variables / 過程變量的測(cè)量 / 662
18.5 Common Control Strategies Used in Chemical Processes / 化工過程中常用的控制策略 / 663
18.5.1 Feedback Control and Regulation / 反饋控制和調(diào)節(jié) / 663
18.5.2 Feed-Forward Control and Regulation / 前饋控制和調(diào)節(jié) / 665
18.5.3 Combination Feedback and Feed-Forward Control / 反饋和前饋聯(lián)合控制 / 667
18.5.4 Cascade Regulation / 串級(jí)調(diào)控 / 668
18.5.5 Ratio Control / 比例調(diào)節(jié) / 669
18.5.6 Split-Range Control / 分程控制 / 671
18.6 Exchanging Heat and Work between Process and Utility Streams / 在工藝和公用設(shè)施流之間交換熱量和功 / 674
18.6.1 Increasing the Pressure of a Process Stream and Regulating Its Flowrate / 增加工藝流的壓力并調(diào)節(jié)其流量 / 674
18.6.2 Exchanging Heat between Process Streams and Utilities / 在工藝流和公用設(shè)施之間換熱 / 676
18.6.3 Exchanging Heat between Process Streams / 在工藝流之間換熱 / 679
18.7 Logic Control / 邏輯控制 / 680
18.8 Advanced Process Control / 先進(jìn)過程控制技術(shù) / 682
18.8.1 Statistical Process Control (SPC) / 統(tǒng)計(jì)過程控制(SPC)/ 682
18.8.2 Model-Based Control / 基于模型的控制 / 683
18.9 Case Studies / 案例研究 / 683
18.9.1 The Cumene Reactor, R-801 / 異丙苯反應(yīng)器R-801 / 683
18.9.2 A Basic Control System for a Binary Distillation Column / 二元精餾塔的基本控制系統(tǒng) / 685
18.9.3 A More Sophisticated Control System for a Binary Distillation Column / 一種更精密的二元精餾塔控制系統(tǒng) / 687
18.10 Putting It All Together: The Operator Training Simulator (OTS) / 綜合考慮:操作員訓(xùn)練仿真器(OTS)/ 688
18.11 Summary / 總結(jié) / 689
References / 參考文獻(xiàn) / 690
Problems / 習(xí)題 / 690
第23章 Other Equipment
其他設(shè)備 1015
23.1 Pressure Vessels / 壓力容器 / 1016
23.1.1 Material Properties / 材料特性 / 1016
23.1.2 Basic Design Equations / 基本設(shè)計(jì)方程 / 1016
23.2 Knockout Drums or Simple Phase Separators / 分液罐或簡(jiǎn)單分相器 / 1024
23.2.1 Vapor-Liquid (V-L) Separation / 氣液(V-L)分離 / 1025
23.2.2 Design of Vertical V-L Separators / 立式氣液分離器的設(shè)計(jì) / 1029
23.2.3 Design of Horizontal V-L Separators / 臥式氣液分離器的設(shè)計(jì) / 1032
23.2.4 Mist Eliminators and Other Internals / 除霧器和其他內(nèi)部構(gòu)件 / 1036
23.2.5 Liquid-Liquid (L-L) Separation / 液液(L-L)分離 / 1044
23.3 Steam Ejectors / 蒸汽噴射器 / 1049
23.3.1 Estimating Air Leaks into Vacuum Systems and the Load for Steam Ejectors / 估算真空系統(tǒng)的空氣泄漏和蒸汽噴射器的負(fù)荷 / 1050
23.3.2 Single-Stage Steam Ejectors / 單級(jí)蒸汽噴射器 / 1051
23.3.3 Multistage Steam Ejectors / 多級(jí)蒸汽噴射器 / 1054
23.3.4 Performance of Steam Ejectors / 蒸汽噴射器的性能 / 1057
References / 參考文獻(xiàn) / 1058
Short Answer Questions / 簡(jiǎn)答題 / 1059
Problems / 習(xí)題 / 1060
第24章 Process Troubleshooting and Debottlenecking
過程故障排除和瓶頸消除 1065
24.1 Recommended Methodology / 優(yōu)選方法 / 1067
24.1.1 Elements of Problem-Solving Strategies / 解決問題策略的原理 / 1067
24.1.2 Application to Troubleshooting Problems / 故障排除問題的應(yīng)用 / 1069
24.2 Troubleshooting Individual Units / 單個(gè)單元的故障排除 / 1071
24.2.1 Troubleshooting a Packed-Bed Absorber / 填充床吸收器的故障排除 / 1071
24.2.2 Troubleshooting the Cumene Process Feed Section / 異丙苯工藝進(jìn)料段故障排除 / 1074
24.3 Troubleshooting Multiple Units / 多個(gè)單元的故障排除 / 1076
24.3.1 Troubleshooting Off-Specification Acrylic Acid Product / 不合格丙烯酸產(chǎn)品的故障排除 / 1076
24.3.2 Troubleshooting Steam Release in Cumene Reactor / 異丙苯反應(yīng)器蒸汽釋放的故障排除 / 1078
24.4 A Process Troubleshooting Problem / 過程故障排除問題 / 1081
24.5 Debottlenecking Problems / 消除瓶頸問題 / 1085
24.6 Summary / 總結(jié) / 1091
References / 參考文獻(xiàn) / 1091
Problems / 習(xí)題 / 1091
第5篇 The Impact of Chemical Engineering Design on Society
化工設(shè)計(jì)對(duì)社會(huì)的影響 1101
第25章 Ethics and Professionalism
倫理學(xué)和職業(yè)精神 1103
25.1 Ethics / 倫理學(xué) / 1104
25.1.1 Moral Autonomy / 道德自治 / 1105
25.1.2 Rehearsal / 預(yù)演 / 1105
25.1.3 Reflection in Action / 反思行動(dòng) / 1106
25.1.4 Mobile Truth / 多變的真相 / 1107
25.1.5 Nonprofessional Responsibilities / 非職業(yè)責(zé)任 / 1108
25.1.6 Duties and Obligations / 責(zé)任和義務(wù) / 1110
25.1.7 Codes of Ethics / 道德準(zhǔn)則 / 1110
25.1.8 Whistle-Blowing / 披露 / 1115
25.1.9 Ethical Dilemmas / 倫理困境 / 1117
25.1.10 Additional Ethics Heuristics / 其余的道德啟發(fā) / 1118
25.1.11 Other Resources / 其他資源 / 1118
25.2 Professional Registration / 職業(yè)登記注冊(cè) / 1121
25.2.1 Engineer-in-Training / 工程師進(jìn)修 / 1122
25.2.2 Registered Professional Engineer / 注冊(cè)專業(yè)工程師 / 1124
25.3 Legal Liability / 法律責(zé)任 / 1125
25.4 Business Codes of Conduct / 商業(yè)行為準(zhǔn)則 / 1126
25.5 Summary / 總結(jié) / 1127
References / 參考文獻(xiàn) / 1128
Problems / 習(xí)題 / 1129
第26章 Health, Safety, and the Environment
健康、安全和環(huán)境 1131
26.1 Risk Assessment / 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估 / 1131
26.1.1 Accident Statistics / 事故統(tǒng)計(jì) / 1132
26.1.2 Worst-Case Scenarios / 最壞情景分析 / 1133
26.1.3 The Role of the Chemical Engineer / 化學(xué)工程師的作用 / 1134
26.2 Regulations and Agencies / 法規(guī)和機(jī)構(gòu) / 1134
26.2.1 OSHA and NIOSH / OSHA和NIOSH / 1135
26.2.2 Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) / 環(huán)境保護(hù)署(EPA) / 1140
26.2.3 Nongovernmental Organizations / 非政府組織 / 1143
26.3 Fires and Explosions / 火災(zāi)和爆炸 / 1143
26.3.1 Terminology / 專業(yè)術(shù)語 / 1143
26.3.2 Pressure-Relief Systems / 減壓系統(tǒng) / 1145
26.4 Process Hazard Analysis / 過程危害分析 / 1145
26.4.1 HAZOP (Hazard and Operability Study) / HAZOP(危險(xiǎn)與可操作性分析)/ 1146
26.4.2 Dow Fire & Explosion Index and Chemical Exposure Index / 陶氏火災(zāi)爆炸指數(shù)和化學(xué)曝光指數(shù) / 1147
26.5 Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board / 化學(xué)品安全和危險(xiǎn)調(diào)查委員會(huì) / 1153
26.6 Inherently Safe Design / 本質(zhì)安全設(shè)計(jì) / 1153
26.7 Summary / 總結(jié) / 1154
26.8 Glossary / 專業(yè)術(shù)語 / 1154
References / 參考文獻(xiàn) / 1156
Problems / 習(xí)題 / 1157
第27章 Green Engineering
綠色工程 1159
27.1 Environmental Regulations / 環(huán)境法規(guī) / 1159
27.2 Environmental Fate of Chemicals / 化學(xué)品的環(huán)境歸宿 / 1160
27.3 Green Chemistry / 綠色化學(xué) / 1163
27.4 Pollution Prevention during Process Design / 工藝設(shè)計(jì)中的污染防治 / 1164
27.5 Analysis of a PFD for Pollution Performance and Environmental Performance / 污染性能和環(huán)境性能的 PFD 分析 / 1166
27.6 An Example of the Economics of Pollution Prevention / 污染防治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)實(shí)例 / 1167
27.7 Life Cycle Analysis / 生命周期分析 / 1168
27.8 Summary / 總結(jié) / 1169
References / 參考文獻(xiàn) / 1170
Problems / 習(xí)題 / 1171
第6篇 Interpersonal and Communication Skills
人際關(guān)系和溝通技巧 1173
第28章 Teamwork
團(tuán)隊(duì)合作 1175
28.1 Groups / 團(tuán)隊(duì) / 1175
28.1.1 Characteristics of Effective Groups / 高效團(tuán)隊(duì)的特征 / 1176
28.1.2 Assessing and Improving the Effectiveness of a Group / 評(píng)估和提高團(tuán)隊(duì)效率 / 1178
28.1.3 Organizational Behaviors and Strategies / 組織行為與策略 / 1180
28.2 Group Evolution / 團(tuán)隊(duì)的發(fā)展歷程 / 1184
28.2.1 Forming / 形成階段 / 1184
28.2.2 Storming / 調(diào)整階段 / 1184
28.2.3 Norming / 規(guī)范化階段 / 1185
28.2.4 Performing / 執(zhí)行階段 / 1186
28.3 Teams and Teamwork / 團(tuán)隊(duì)與團(tuán)隊(duì)合作 / 1186
28.3.1 When Groups Become Teams / 小組變?yōu)閳F(tuán)隊(duì) / 1186
28.3.2 Unique Characteristics of Teams / 團(tuán)隊(duì)的獨(dú)特特征 / 1187
28.4 Misconceptions / 誤區(qū) / 1189
28.4.1 Team Exams / 團(tuán)隊(duì)考核 / 1189
28.4.2 Overreliance on Team Members / 過度依賴團(tuán)隊(duì)成員 / 1189
28.5 Learning in Teams / 團(tuán)隊(duì)學(xué)習(xí) / 1189
28.6 Other Reading / 其他材料 / 1190
28.7 Summary / 總結(jié) / 1191
References / 參考文獻(xiàn) / 1192
Problems / 習(xí)題 / 1192
第29章 Written and Oral Communication
書面與口頭交流 1195
29.1 Audience Analysis / 受眾分析 / 1196
29.2 Written Communication / 書面交流 / 1196
29.2.1 Design Reports / 設(shè)計(jì)報(bào)告 / 1197
29.2.2 Transmittal Letters or Memos / 傳送信件或備忘錄 / 1198
29.2.3 Executive Summaries and Abstracts / 執(zhí)行概述和摘要 / 1198
29.2.4 Other Types of Written Communication / 其他類型的書面交流 / 1199
29.2.5 Exhibits (Figures and Tables) / 附件(圖片和表格)/ 1200
29.2.6 References / 參考文獻(xiàn) / 1200
29.2.7 Strategies for Writing / 寫作方法 / 1201
29.2.8 WVU and Auburn University Guidelines for Written Design Reports / 西弗吉尼亞大學(xué)和奧本大學(xué)書面設(shè)計(jì)報(bào)告指南 / 1202
29.3 Oral Communication / 口頭交流 / 1209
29.3.1 Formal Oral Presentations / 正式口頭報(bào)告 / 1210
29.3.2 Briefings / 簡(jiǎn)述 / 1211
29.3.3 Visual Aids / 視覺輔助 / 1211
29.3.4 WVU and Auburn University Oral Presentation Guidelines / 西弗吉尼亞大學(xué)和奧本大學(xué)口頭報(bào)告指南 / 1212
29.4 Software and Author Responsibility / 軟件與作者職責(zé) / 1215
29.4.1 Spell Checkers / 拼寫檢查 / 1215
29.4.2 Thesaurus / 同義詞典 / 1215
29.4.3 Grammar Checkers / 語法檢查 / 1215
29.4.4 Graphs / 圖片 / 1216
29.4.5 Tables / 表格 / 1217
29.4.6 Colors and Exotic Features / 色彩與異域特征 / 1217
29.4.7 Raw Output from Process Simulators / 過程模擬器的初始結(jié)果 / 1217
29.5 Summary / 總結(jié) / 1218
References / 參考文獻(xiàn) / 1218
Problems / 習(xí)題 / 1219
第30章 A Report-Writing Case Study
報(bào)告寫作案例研究 1221
30.1 The Assignment Memorandum / 任務(wù)備忘錄 / 1221
30.2 Response Memorandum / 回應(yīng)備忘錄 / 1222
30.3 Visual Aids / 視覺輔助 / 1224
30.4 Example Reports / 報(bào)告實(shí)例 / 1230
30.4.1 An Example of a Portion of a Student Written Report / 學(xué)生書面報(bào)告的部分示例 / 1231
30.4.2 An Example of an Improved Student Written Report / 學(xué)生書面報(bào)告的改進(jìn)示例 / 1232
30.5 Checklist of Common Mistakes and Errors / 常見錯(cuò)誤 / 1243
30.5.1 Common Mistakes for Visual Aids / 視覺輔助的常見錯(cuò)誤 / 1243
30.5.2 Common Mistakes for Written Text / 書面文本的常見錯(cuò)誤 / 1244
電子版附錄A Cost Equations and Curves for the CAPCOST Program
CAPCOST程序的成本方程和曲線 1247
A.1 Purchased Equipment Costs / 采購設(shè)備成本 / 1247
A.2 Pressure Factors / 壓力因素 / 1264
A.3 Material Factors and Bare Module Factors / 材料因素和裸模塊系數(shù) / 1267
電子版附錄B Information for the Preliminary Design of Fifteen Chemical Processes
十五種化工工藝初步設(shè)計(jì)資料 1277
B.1 Dimethyl Ether (DME) Production, Unit 200 / 制備二甲醚(DME)(裝置200)/ 1278
B.2 Ethylbenzene Production, Unit 300 / 制備乙苯(裝置300)/ 1283
B.3 Styrene Production, Unit 400 / 制備苯乙烯(裝置400)/ 1291
B.4 Drying Oil Production, Unit 500 / 制備干性油(裝置500)/ 1299
B.5 Production of Maleic Anhydride from Benzene, Unit 600 / 由苯制備馬來酸酐(裝置600) / 1305
B.6 Ethylene Oxide Production, Unit 700 / 制備環(huán)氧乙烷(裝置700)/ 1311
B.7 Formalin Production, Unit 800 / 制備福爾馬林(裝置800)/ 1317
B.8 Batch Production of L-Phenylalanine and L-Aspartic Acid, Unit 900 / 批量制備L-苯丙氨酸和 L-天冬氨酸(裝置900)/ 1323
B.9 Acrylic Acid Production via The Catalytic Partial Oxidation of Propylene, Unit 1000 / 丙烯催化部分氧化制備丙烯酸(裝置1000)/ 1329
B.10 Production of Acetone via the Dehydrogenation of Isopropyl Alcohol (IPA), Unit 1100 / 異丙醇(IPA)脫氫制備丙酮(裝置1100)/ 1338
B.11 Production of Heptenes from Propylene and Butenes, Unit 1200 / 丙烯和丁烯制備庚烯(裝置1200)/ 1345
B.12 Design of a Shift Reactor Unit to Convert CO to CO2, Unit 1300 / 設(shè)計(jì)由CO轉(zhuǎn)化為CO2的變換反應(yīng)器(裝置1300)/ 1352
B.13 Design of a Dual-Stage Selexol Unit to Remove CO2 and H2S from Coal-Derived Synthesis Gas, Unit 1400 / 設(shè)計(jì)從煤衍生合成氣中去除CO2和H2S的雙級(jí)Selexol裝置(裝置1400)/ 1356
B.14 Design of a Claus Unit for the Conversion of H2S to Elemental Sulfur, Unit 1500 / 設(shè)計(jì)用于將H2S轉(zhuǎn)化為元素硫的Claus裝置(裝置1500)/ 1363
B.15 Modeling a Downward-Flow, Oxygen-Blown, Entrained-Flow Gasifier, Unit 1600 / 模擬向下流動(dòng)、吹氧、氣流床氣化爐(裝置1600)/ 1371
電子版附錄C Design Projects
設(shè)計(jì)項(xiàng)目 1379
項(xiàng)目1 Increasing the Production of 3-Chloro-1-Propene (Allyl Chloride) in Unit 600 / 提高裝置600的 3-氯-1-丙烯(烯丙基氯)的產(chǎn)量 / 1381
項(xiàng)目2 Design and Optimization of a New 20,000-Metric-Tons-per-Year Facility to Produce Allyl Chloride at La Nueva antina, Mexico
設(shè)計(jì)并優(yōu)化位于墨西哥La Nueva Cantina的年產(chǎn)20000噸烯丙基氯的新設(shè)備 / 1394
項(xiàng)目3 Scale-Down of Phthalic Anhydride Production at TBWS Unit 700 / TBWS 700裝置鄰苯二甲酸酐生產(chǎn)規(guī)??s減 / 1401
項(xiàng)目4 The Design of a New 100,000-Metric-Tons-per-Year Phthalic Anhydride Production Facility / 設(shè)計(jì)新的年產(chǎn)10萬噸的鄰苯二甲酸酐生產(chǎn)裝置 / 1412
項(xiàng)目5 Problems at the Cumene Production Facility, Unit 800 / 異丙苯生產(chǎn)設(shè)施的問題(裝置800)/ 1417
項(xiàng)目6 Design of a New 100,000-Metric-Tons-per-Year Cumene Production Facility / 設(shè)計(jì)新的年產(chǎn)10萬噸的異丙苯生產(chǎn)設(shè)施 / 1430