A healthy population is essential for the existence and de-velopment of human society.All economic and social activities are closely related to population.Its growth infiuences econom-ic and social development，and national security and prosperity.Lying in northwest China and central Eurasia，Xinjiang has been a place inhabited by multiple ethnic groups since ancient times.In 60 BC，the Western Han Dynasty established the Western Regions Frontier Command to govern the Xinjiang areaj officially incorporating the area into the Chinese territo-ry.Over the following 2，000 years and more，various ethnic groups have emerged，divided and mixed there.Today they live together in harmony and have formed a diverse unity.Work to remedy the backward economic and social situa-tion in Xinjiang began immediately after the founding of the People's Republic of China （PRC） in 1949.The population of Xinjiang，particularly that of its ethnic minorities，has grown fast in both size and quality，and life expectancy has seen a substantial increase.Today，the region enjoys rapid growth in all areas and a stable and secure society.The ethnic groups there live in peace and contentment，and its population is expe-riencing healthy and balanced development.
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