2022高技術發(fā)展報告

目錄
前言 i
**章 材料技術新進展 1
1.1 金屬材料技術新進展 3
1.2 新型陶瓷材料技術新進展 13
1.3 碳纖維材料技術新進展 20
1.4 石墨炔技術新進展 31
1.5 3D打印材料技術新進展 41
1.6 太赫茲量子級聯(lián)激光器新進展 50
1.7 材料信息學技術新進展 58
第二章?能源技術新進展 69
2.1 油氣開采技術新進展 71
2.2 煤炭清潔高效利用技術新進展 78
2.3 太陽能技術新進展 87
2.4 風力發(fā)電技術新進展 96
2.5 海洋能技術新進展 103
2.6 先進核能技術新進展 113
2.7 電化學儲能技術新進展 121
2.8 先進制氫技術新進展 131
2.9 節(jié)能技術新進展 141
2.10 新型電網(wǎng)技術新進展 149
2.11 綜合能源系統(tǒng)技術新進展 159
第三章?材料和能源技術產(chǎn)業(yè)化新進展 167
3.1 半導體硅材料現(xiàn)狀及產(chǎn)業(yè)化新進展 169
3.2 低維碳材料產(chǎn)業(yè)化新進展 176
3.3 高端稀土功能材料產(chǎn)業(yè)化新進展 184
3.4 海洋工程重防腐材料產(chǎn)業(yè)化新進展 190
3.5 煤炭間接液化產(chǎn)業(yè)化新進展 197
3.6 煤制烯烴技術產(chǎn)業(yè)化新進展 207
3.7 核能技術產(chǎn)業(yè)化新進展 213
3.8 先進儲能電池產(chǎn)業(yè)化新進展 220
3.9 壓縮空氣儲能技術產(chǎn)業(yè)化新進展 227
第四章?高技術產(chǎn)業(yè)國際競爭力與創(chuàng)新能力評價 235
4.1 中國高技術產(chǎn)業(yè)國際競爭力評價 237
4.2 中國高技術產(chǎn)業(yè)創(chuàng)新能力評價 260
第五章 高技術與社會 281
5.1 納米生物安全性問題及應對策略 283
5.2 中國科研人員參與“開放獲取”的現(xiàn)狀、問題與對策 290
5.3 中國科技倫理教育的問題與趨勢 298
5.4 核電再次騰飛的挑戰(zhàn) 306
5.5 美國材料基因組計劃的科學意義和政策含義 314
5.6 拓展開放科學的邊界：從開放獲取到開放社會 321
第六章 專家論壇 329
6.1 新材料產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略與創(chuàng)新實踐 331
6.2 中國制造業(yè)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀與政策建議 339
6.3 “雙碳”背景下創(chuàng)新政策范式轉(zhuǎn)型與思考 350
6.4 打造高能級創(chuàng)新聯(lián)合體加快科技自立自強的思路與對策 357
6.5 “雙碳”背景下氫燃料電池汽車發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀、挑戰(zhàn)與政策建議 363
6.6 戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)未來發(fā)展與政策建議 371
6.7 “鏈時代”產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的戰(zhàn)略選擇 377
CONTENTS
Introduction i
Chapter 1 Progress in Material Technology 1
1.1 Metallic Materials Technology 3
1.2 New Ceramics Materials Technology 13
1.3 Carbon Fiber Materials Technology 20
1.4 Graphdiyne Technology 31
1.5 3D Printing Materials Technology 41
1.6 Terahertz Quantum Cascade Laser 50
1.7 Materials Informatics Technology 58
Chapter 2 Progress in Energy Technology 69
2.1 Oil & Gas Exploitation Technology 71
2.2 Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization Technology 78
2.3 Solar Technologies 87
2.4 Wind Power Generation Technology 96
2.5 Ocean Energy Technology 103
2.6 Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology 113
2.7 Electrochemical Energy Storage Technology 121
2.8 Advanced Hydrogen Production Technology 131
2.9 Energy Conservation Technology 141
2.10 New Power Grid Technology 149
2.11 Integrated Energy System 159
Chapter 3 Progress in Commercialization of Materials and Energy Technology 167
3.1 The Current Situation and New Commercialization Progress of Semiconductor Silicon Materials 169
3.2 Commercialization of Low-dimensional Carbon Materials 176
3.3 Commercialization of Advanced Rare Earth Functional Materials 184
3.4 Commercialization of Ocean Engineering Heavy Anti-corrosive Materials 190
3.5 Commercialization of Indirect Coal-to-Liquid Technology 197
3.6 Commercialization of Coal to Olefin Technology 207
3.7 Commercialization of Nuclear Power Technology 213
3.8 Commercialization of Advanced Battery for Energy Storage 220
3.9 Commercialization of Compressed Air Energy Storage Technology 227
Chapter 4 Evaluation on High Technology Industry International Competitiveness and Innovation Capacity 235
4.1 Evaluation on International Competitiveness of Chinese High Technology Industry 237
4.2 The Evaluation of Innovation Capacity of Chinese High Technology Industry 260
Chapter 5 High Technology and Society 281
5.1 The Biosafety Issues of Nanomaterials and Coping Strategies 283
5.2 Chinese Scientists’ Participation in Open Access：Current Situation，Problems and Policy Suggestions 290
5.3 The Problems and Trends of Science and Technology Ethics Education in China 298
5.4 The Challenges to Nuclear Power Redevelopment 306
5.5 The Scientific Significance and Policy Implications of the American Materials Genome Initiative 314
5.6 Expanding the Boundary of Open Science：from Open Access to OpenSociety 321
Chapter 6 Expert Forum 329
6.1 New Material Industry Development Strategies and Innovation Practice 331
6.2 Status and Policy Suggestions of High-quality Development of China’s Manufacturing Industry 339
6.3 Innovation Policy Paradigm Transformation and Thinking under the Background of“Carbon Peaking and Neutrality Goals” 350
6.4 High-level Innovation Consortium for S＆T Self-reliance and Self-improvement 357
6.5 Development Status，Challenges and Policy Recommendations of Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles under the Background of“Carbon Peaking and Neutrality Goals” 363
6.6 Future Development and Policy Suggestions for Strategic Emerging Industries 371
6.7 Strategic Choice of Industrial Development in“Chain Era” 377