生命線工程系統(tǒng)：網(wǎng)絡(luò)可靠性分析與抗震設(shè)計

1 Introduction .1
1.1Lifeline Engineering Systems1 
1.2Damages of Lifeline Systems in Past Earthquakes ..3 
1.3Main Content of the Book7 
References ..8 
2 Seismic Hazard Assessment11
2.1 Introduction ..11 
2.2 Uncertainty and Probability Model ..11
2.2.1 Earthquake Occurrence Probability Model ..12 
2.2.2 Potential SeismicZone .13 
2.2.3 Probability Distribution Function of Earthquake Magnitude.15 
2.2.4 Ground Motion Attenuation 16 
2.3 Seismic Hazard Analysis Method . 17
2.3.1 Point-Source Model .17 
2.3.2 Line-Source Model .20 
2.3.3 Area-Source Model 21 
2.3.4 Probability Distribution Function of Ground Motion Amplitude21
References23 
3 Seismic Ground Motion Model . 25
3.1Introduction.25 
3.2 Statistically-Based Model 26
3.2.1 Stationary and Non-stationary Processes 26 
3.2.2 One-Dimensional Stochastic Process Model28 
3.2.3 Random Field Model 30 
3.3 Physically-Based Model .34
3.3.1 Fourier Spectral Form of One-Dimensional Ground Motion 34 
3.3.2 Seismic Source Spectrum..35 
3.3.3 Transfer Function of the Path 37
3.3.4 LocalSite Effect . 38 
3.3.5 One-Dimensional Ground Motion Model .40 
3.3.6 Physical Random Field Model of Ground Motions ..41 References .43 
4 Seismic Performance Evaluation of Buried Pipelines . 45
4.1 Seismic Damage of Buried Pipelines .45
4.1.1 Pipeline Damage in Past Earthquakes ..45 
4.1.2 Damage Characteristics of Buried Pipelines .46 
4.1.3 Factors Affecting Buried Pipeline Damages . 47 
4.1.4 Empirical Statistics of Damage Ratio 48 
4.2 Seismic Response Analysis of Buried Pipelines 51
4.2.1 Pseudo-static Analysis Method .51 
4.2.2 Pipeline Stress Computation  58 
4.3 Seismic Response Analysis of Pipeline Networks . 60 
4.4 Seismic Reliability Evaluation of Buried Pipeline 64
4.4.1 Uncertainty of Pipeline Resistance  64 
4.4.2 Seismic Reliability Analysis of Buried Pipelines . 65 References.67
5 Seismic Response Analysis of Structures ..69
5.1 Structural Analysis Model 69
5.1.1 General Finite Element Model..69 
5.1.2 Seismic Analysis Model of Structure-Equipment
Systems..75 
5.1.3 Dynamic Analysis Model of Structure Subject to Multi-point Ground Motions .79
5.2 Deterministic Seismic Response Analysis of Structures . 81
5.2.1 Linear Acceleration Algorithm  82 
5.2.2 Generalized α-Algorithm  85 
5.3 Stochastic Seismic Response Analysis of Structures .88
5.3.1 Principle of Preservation of Probability. 88 
5.3.2 The Generalized Probability Density Evolution Equation .90 
5.3.3 Numerical Method for Solving General Probability Density Evolution Equation ..92
5.4 Seismic Reliability Analysis of Structures .96 References..99 
6 Seismic Reliability Analysis of Engineering Network (D—Connectivity Reliability..101 
6.1 Introduction .101 
6.2 Foundation of System Reliability Analysis 102
6.2.1 Basic Concepts of Graph Theory .102 
6.2.2 Structural Function of Network Systems..104 
6.2.3 Reliability of Simple Network System .. 107
6.3 Minimal Path Algorithm 108
6.3.1Adjacent Matrix Algorithm .108 
6.3.2 Depth First Search Algorithm ..110 
6.3.3 Breadth First Search Algorithm 112 
6.4 Disjoint Minimal Path Algorithm 112
6.4.1 Reliability Evaluation of Network System and Its Complexity .112 6.4.2 Disjoint Minimal Path Algorithm ..114 
6.4.3 Reliability Analysis Based on DMP Algorithm .116 
6.5 Recursive Decomposition Algorithm .117
6.5.1 Related Theorems 117 
6.5.2 RDA for Edge-Weighted Network .118 
6.5.3 RDA for Node-Weighted Network .122 
6.6 Cut-Based Recursive Decomposition Algorithm127
6.6.1 Minimal Cut Searching Algorithm .127 
6.6.2 Cut-Based Recursive Decomposition Algorithm .129 
6.7 Reliability Analysis of Network with Dependent Failure133 
6.8 Monte Carlo Simulation Method 135 References .136 
7 Seismic Reliability Analysis of Engineering Network (II)—The Functional Reliability .137 
7.1 Introduction ．137 
7.2 Functional Analysis of Water Supply Network 137 
7.3 Functional Analysis of Water Supply Network with Leakage 140
7.3.1 Hydraulic equation of water supply network with leakage ..140 
7.3.2 Analysis method .141 
7.4 Seismic Functional Reliability Analysis of Water Supply Network 142 
References..148 
8 Aseismic Optimal Design ofLifeline Networks .149
8.1 Introduction .．149 
8.2 Network Topology Optimization Based on Connectivity
Reliability ..150 
8.2.1 Topology Optimization Model .150 
8.2.2 Genetic Algorithm ..150 
8.2.3 Examples ．154 
8.3 Topology Optimization of Water Supply Network 155
8.3.1 Optimization Model .155 
8.3.2 Algorithms for Seismic Topology Optimization.157 
8.3.3 EXamples .158 
References16l
9 Simulation and Control of Composite Lifeline System ..163
9.1 Introduction .. ..163
9.2 Disaster Response Simulation ofComposite Lifeline System ..165
9.2.1 Fundamentals of Discrete Event Dynamic Simulation..165 
9.2.2 Simulation of Composite Lifeline Engineering System.167 
9.2.3 Disaster Simulation Model of Composite Lifeline System ..168 
9.2.4 Simulation Convergence Criteria and Simulation Statistics ..171 
9.3 Petri Net Model for Disaster Simulation of Composite Lifeline System ..172 
9.3.1 Classic Petri Net ．172 
9.3.2 Non-Autonomous Colored Petri Net.174 
9.3.3 Seismic Disaster Simulation of Composite Lifeline System .175
9.4 Case Study on Seismic Disaster Simulation..177 
9.5 Urban Earthquake Disaster Field Control182
9.5.1 System ControlBased on Structural Behavior 182 
9.5.2 System Control Based on Investment Behavior ..184 
9.5.3 Case Study .186 
References.191
Appendix A: Boolean Algebra Basic..．193 
Appendix B: Seismic Reliability Analysis of Transformer Substation ..199
Appendix C: Seismic Secondary Fire Analysis .205 
Bibliography 207