CONTENTS Chapter 1 Estimating Directional Returns to Scale in DEA Chapter 2 Data Envelopment Analysis in the Absence of Convexity: Specifying Efficiency Status and Estimating Returns to Scale Chapter3 Institutional Change and Optimal Size of Universities Chapter4 A Study on Directional Returns to Scale Chapter5 Directional Congestion in the Framework of Data Envelopment Analysis Chapter6 Integer Data in DEA: Illustrating the Drawbacks and Recognizing Congestion Chapter7 Negative Data in DEA: Recognizing Congestion and Specifying the Least and the Most Congested Decision-Making Units Chapter8 Estimating Capacity Utilization of Chinese Manufacturing Industries Chapter9 Measuring the Chinese Regional Production Potential Using A Generalized Capacity Utilization Indicator Chapter10 Estimating Capacity Utilization of Chinese State Farms Chapter11 Measuring the Capacity Utilization of the 48 Largest Iron and Steel Enterprises in China