抗美援朝戰(zhàn)爭史

CONTENTS
 
Volume I
Chapter One
The Situation and Tasks After the Founding of the People’s
Republic of China 1
The Domestic Situation When the PRC Was Founded and the Tasks of
the People’s Government 3
The Third Plenary Session of the 7th CPC Central Committee Estimating
Fundamental Improvement of Financial and Economic Situation
in Three Years 8
The Missions of the People’s Liberation Army 11
Chapter Two
The Korean Civil War Broke Out 15
The Origin of the 38th Parallel 17
Different Policies of the US and the Soviet Union on the Korean Issue and
the Establishment of Two Governments in South and North Korea 25
The Struggle and Military Preparation Focusing on the Issue of
Unification of South and North Korea 39
The Korean Civil War Broke Out 45
Chapter Three
US Armed Invasion of Korea and Taiwan and
the Internationalization of the Korean War 51
US Policy Toward Korea and Taiwan Before the Korean Civil War 53
The US Armed Intervention of the Korean Civil War and
Aggression of Taiwan 61
The Formation of US-Lead UN Forces and the Internationalization of
the Korean War 74
Chapter Four
The Position and Peaceful Diplomatic Efforts of
the Chinese Government 85
Position of the Chinese Government After the Outbreak of the Korean War 87
Diplomatic Efforts Made by the Chinese Government to Solve
the Korean Issue Peacefully 92
ii
Chapter Five
China Deciding to Establish the Northeast Frontier Force
Based on Forethought 99
The Analysis and Decision Making on the National Security Situation by
the CPC Central Committee 101
Adjusting the National Defense Deployment and Establishing
the Northeast Frontier Force 111
Build-up of the Northeast Frontier Force and Adjustment of
Command Relationship 119
Strengthening the Northeast Frontier Force and Deploying
the Second-line and Third-line Forces 129
Chapter Six
The Korean War Was Stalemated and the US Aircraft
Outrageously Attacked Chinese Towns Along Northeast Border 135
Korean People’s Army Marching Southward and Swiftly Liberating
Vast Areas of South Korea 137
US Troops Holding Fast to Pusan Perimeter and the Korean War
Being Stalemated 146
US Aircraft Intruding into Chinese Airspace and Attacking Towns and
Villages on Northeastern Border 154
Chapter Seven
War Preparation of the Northeast Frontier Force 159
Mobilization and Deployment at the Shenyang Military Conference 161
Political Mobilization and Education 167
Military Training 172
Reorganization and Equipment Adjustment 181
Logistical Support and Material Preparation 190
Chapter Eight
The US Troops Landing at Inchon and the War Situation Reversed 197
The US Troops Landing at Inchon 199
The US Army Launching All-Round Counterattacks and
the KPA Switching to Strategic Retreat 210
Suggestions of the CPC to North Korea After the US Landing at Inchon 217
Chapter Nine
The US Ground Troops Crossing the 38th Parallel and
Advancing Northward in an Attempt to Occupy the Whole Korea 225
The US Government Deciding to Cross the 38th Parallel and Occupy
the Whole Korea 227
iii
The Chinese Government Warning the US Not to Cross the 38th Parallel and
Expand the War 240
The US Manipulating the UN to Pass the Illegal Resolution and the US
Ground Troops Crossing the 38th Parallel to Invade North Korea 248
Chapter Ten
Korea Requesting China to Provide Military Assistance and
the CPC Central Committee Deciding to Resist US Aggression and
Aid Korea and Defend China 257
The Workers’ Party of Korea and North Korean Government Requesting
the Soviet Union and China to Provide Direct Military Assistance 259
The Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee Deciding to Establish
the CPVs to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea and Safeguard China 268
Consultation Between China and the Soviet Union on Sending
Troops to Aid Korea 290
Chapter Eleven
China’s Deployment and Preparations for the Victory of
the Korean War 303
The CPC Central Committee’s Judgment on the Development of Situation
After the CPVs Joining the War 305
Adjustment of the Priority of Army Building and Preparations of
Air Defense and Coastal Defense 308
Making War Plans in Korea and Three-Year Development Plans for
the Arms and Forces and Asking for the Soviet Assistance in
Weaponry and Equipment 316
Northeast Administrative Region Serving as the General Rear Base for
the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea 320
Adjusting Fiscal Policies for the War in Korea 325
Accelerating the Elimination of Bandits, Implementation of
Land Reform and Suppressing Counter-Revolutionaries 328
The Movement to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea 335
Chapter Twelve
The Chinese People’s Volunteers Advancing to the Korean Battlefield 341
The Mobilization and Preparation of the CPVs Before Joining Battle 343
The Initial Operational Plan of the CPVs 353
The Education on Policies and Discipline of Overseas Operations by
the CPVs 359
The CPVs Advancing to Korea to Kick Off the War to Resist US
Aggression and Aid Korea 365
iv
Chapter Thirteen
The Battlefield Situation at the Time of CPVs Entry into
Korea and the Change of Original Operational Plan 373
The CPVs Entering the Korean Battlefield in Battle Stance 375
The Battlefield Situation at the Time of the CPVs Entry into Korea 379
The Strength and Equipment of the Belligerent Sides at the Time of
the CPVs Entry into Korea 387
The UN Forces Moving Northward to the Sino-Korean Borders;
the CPVs Deciding to Wipe Out the Enemy One by One in Movement 395
Mao Zedong’s Determination to Strive for Every Possible Victory on
the Basis of Certainty and Reliability 402
Chapter Fourteen
The First Campaign 407
The CPVs Seizing Opportunities to Win the First Campaign 409
The War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea Beginning and
the First Campaign Kicking Off 420
The CPVs Separately Annihilating the Enemy Advancing Rashly 425
The CPVs Dealing a Heavy Blow to the US 1st Cavalry Division in
the Battle of Unsan 438
The US 8th Army in Full Retreat; the CPVs Main Force Pushing Forward
to Chongchon River 453
On the Eastern Front the CPVs Blocking and Preventing
the US 10th Corps from Moving Northward and Westward 463
Chapter Fifteen
The Domestic and Oversea Views About China’s Military
Action in Korea 473
The Xinhua News Agency’s First Report of the CPVs Entering
the War and a Multi-Party Joint Declaration Issued 475
Countries in the Pro-Democracy Camp and Peace-Loving People Expressing
Support for the CPVs Action 480
The US Government’s Slander Against the CPVs and the Chinese
Government’s Refutation 484
Chapter Sixteen
The UN Forces Deciding to Launch an All-Out Offensive and
the CPVs Deployment Fundamentally Reversing
the Korean War Situation 489
Judgments and Decisions of the US Government About Objectives of
the CPVs Entering the Korean War 491
The Plan and Preparations of an All-Out Offensive of the UN Forces 504
v
The CPVs Guideline for the Second Campaign 512
The CPVs Preparation for the Second Campaign 522
The CPVs Successfully Luring the Enemy to the Predetermined Battlefields 528
Chapter Seventeen
Operations on the Western Front in the Second Campaign 541
The CPVs Deployment of Counteroffensives on the Western Front in
the Second Campaign 543
The CPVs Making a Breakthrough by Wiping Out the Majoirty of
the South Korean 7th and 8th Divisions in the Battles of
Tokchon and Nyongwon 549
The CPVs Encircling the US 9th Corps from Three Directions by
Outflanking to the Rear and Mounting Frontal Assaults 559
The CPVs Inflicting Heavy Casualties on the US 9th Corps in the Battle of
the Chongchon River 573
Chapter Eighteen
Operations on the Eastern Front in the Second Campaign and
the CPVs Bringing the Offensive to a Successful End 585
The CPVs Deployment of Counterattacks on the Eastern Front 587
The CPVs 9th Formation Separating and Encircling US Forces in
the Changjin Reservoir Area 595
In the Battle at Sinhungri, CPVs Forces Wiping Out RCT-31 of
the US 7th Division 602
The CPVs Annihilating the Ace US 1st Marine Division Through
Encirclement, Pursuit, Blocking and Interception 609
The UN Forces Retreating in Defeat to Areas South of the 38th Parallel and
the CPVs Forces Successfully Ending the Second Campaign 621
Chapter Nineteen
Major Victory of the Chinese People on the Diplomatic Front 635
The Chinese Government Requesting the UN Security Council to Discuss
the Proposal Concerning US Aggression Against Taiwan 637
The Chinese Representative Accusing the US of Its Aggression Crime at
the UNSC 649
Chapter Twenty
Decision to Foil US Attempt to Play with “Ceasefire” 659
Nuclear Intimidation of the US President and Talks Between Heads of
the US and Britain 661
The US “Ceasefire” Plot and the Chinese Foreign Minister’s Statement 672
Mao Zedong’s Analysis of the War Situation and His Decisions 682
vi
Establishment of the Sino-Korean United Command 691
Chapter Twenty-One
The Third Campaign 697
Defeatist Sentiments of the UN Forces and Its Deployment After
Retreating to the 38th Parallel 699
Deployment and Preparations of the CPVs and KPA Forces 704
Breaking Through the Established Positions of the UN Forces at
the 38th Parallel 715
Pursuing the Enemy and Occupying Seoul 723
Closing In on the 37th Parallel and Calling Off the Battle in Good Time 728
Appendix I: Tables of Organization Order 1-8 735
Index 747
Proper Nouns 747
Personal Names 749
Place Names 752
 
 
 
 
 
 
Volume II
Chapter Twenty-Two
The CPVs and KPA Troops Making Preparations for
the Spring Offensive 1
The CPVs and KPA Troops Shifting to Rest and Reorganization,
Making Preparations for the Spring Offensive 3
Mao Zedong’s Analysis of and Directions on the War 8
China-Korea Joint Meeting of Senior Military Commanders Was Convened
to Unify Operational Thinking 13
Preparations at the General Logistic Base 23
Chapter Twenty-Three
The US Trying to Get Rid of the Trouble and China and
North Korea’s Policies on Peaceful Settlement of the Korean Issue 31
The US Authorities Were Already in Trouble Due to the Defeat in Battle 33
The US Continuing to Play With the “Ceasefire” Conspiracy. China and
North Korea’s Policies on Peaceful Settlement of the Korean Issue 39
The US Slandering China as “Aggressor” and the Statement by
the Chinese Government 45
Chapter Twenty-Four
Phase I Operations of the Fourth Campaign 51
The UN Forces Launching Counterattack after Reorganization 53
The CPVs and the KPA Suspending Rest and Reorganization to Deploy
the Fourth Campaign 60
Solid Defensive Operations on the South Bank of the Hangang River 64
Counterattacking in Heongsong 71
Jiphyongri Battle 82
Chapter Twenty-Five
The Guideline of Fighting in Turns and Stabilizing and
Constructing While Fighting 93
The Determination of the Guideline of Fighting in Turns 95
The Second Batch Troops Entering North Korea and
the Operational Preparation of the Third Batch Troops 101
ii
Implementing the Guideline of Stabilizing and Constructing While Fighting 108
Chapter Twenty-Six
Phase II Operations of the Fourth Campaign 111
Decision and Deployment of the CPVs and the KPA on Shifting to
Defense in Movement at All Fronts 113
The UN Forces Launching “Operation Killer” and the Defensive
Operations of the CPVs and the KPA 117
The UN Forces Launching “Operation Ripper” and the Defensive
Operations of the CPVs and the KPA 122
The UN Forces Launching “Operation Rugged” and the Defensive
Operations of the CPVs and the KPA 134
Chapter Twenty-Seven
Chinese Movement to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea 139
Instructions on In-depth Development of the Movement to Resist US
Aggression and Aid Korea by CPC Central Committee 141
China’s Opposition to US Rearmament of Japan and Separately Making
Peace with Japan 144
Patriotic Pledges and Patriotic Production Emulation 150
Appreciation Conveyed to the Most Beloved People 154
The Upsurge to Join the Army and Support the Front 157
Chapter Twenty-Eight
Differences and Contradictions Among the US-UK Junta on
Policies of Aggression Against Korea 161
The Europeans and Americans Demanded to End the War Through
Negotiation As Soon As Possible 163
The US Government Considering Adjusting Policies on Aggression Against
Korea and Internal Disputes 169
The Deployment and Action of the UN Forces Advancing Northward
After Crossing the 38th Parallel Again 180
Chapter Twenty-Nine
Proposal of “Prepare for Long War, but Strive for Short-Term”
Policy and Deployment of the Fifth Campaign 187
Proposal of “Prepare for Long War, but Strive for Short-Term” Policy 189
The CPVs Deployment and Preparations for the Fifth Campaign 200
Chapter Thirty
Phase I Operations of the Fifth Campaign 211
Battlefield Situation Before the CPVs Launching the Offensive 213
iii
The CPVs and the KPA Attacking on All Fronts and Breaking Through
the 38th Parallel Once Again 221
The CPVs and the KPA Developing Offensive and Approaching Seoul 236
Chapter Thirty-One
Phase II Operations of the Fifth Campaign 245
The CPVs and KPA Deployment in Phase II of the Fifth Campaign 247
The CPVs Feinting on the Western Front While the Main Force
Transfering to the East 256
The CPVs and the KPA Annihilating the Majority of the South Korean 3rd
and 9th Divisions in the Battle of Hyonri 262
The CPVs and the KPA Ending Offensives and the Phase II Operations 268
Chapter Thirty-Two
Transfering Phase of the Fifth Campaign 275
Deployment for Transfer and Rest of the Main Forces of
the CPVs and the KPA 277
UN Forces Counterattacking on All Fronts and Throwing the CPVs Main
Force into Passivity in the Initial Period of Transfer 282
The CPVs and KPA Main Forces Launching Blockings to Stabilize
the Battle Line North and South of the 38th Parallel 304
Chapter Thirty-Three
The US Adjusting Policies on the Korean War. The CPC Central
Committee Adopting Guideline of “Negotiating While Fighting” 315
Both Sides Reaching a Balance and the War in Deadlock 317
The US Adjusting Korean War Policies 323
The CPC Central Committee Confirming Guideline of
“Negotiating While Fighting” 336
The CPVs Party Committee Holding Enlarged Meeting to Convey
Operations Guideline 346
Preparations of the CPVs for Long-Lasting Operations 354
Chapter Thirty-Four
The Struggles Against Blockade, Embargo and the US and Japan
Making a Separate Peace. The Campaign of Donating
Aircraft and Artillery 365
The Struggles for Counter-Blockade and Counter-Embargo 367
The Struggles Against the US Rearmament of Japan and the Separate Peace
Talks Between the US and Japan 383
The Campaign of Donating Aircraft and Artillery in China 389
iv
Chapter Thirty-Five
The Armistice Negotiations Commenced 399
The Prelude of the Armistice Negotiations 401
China’s Publicity About the Armistice Negotiations to the Chinese People
and the CPVs Troops 407
The Armistice Negotiations Commenced 412
The Negotiations on the Agenda 419
The Battles During the Early Period of the Armistice Negotiations 432
Chapter Thirty-Six
Negotiation over Military Demarcation Line and Suspension of
the Negotiation 439
Different Positions of Two Sides on the Issue of Military Demarcation Line 441
The Korean-Chinese Side Refuting the US Side on the “Superiority of
Navy and Air Force” 446
Analysis and Suggestions of CPVs Delegation on the Issue of
Military Demarcation Line 458
US Provocations in the Negotiation Area Resulting in the Suspension of
the Armistice Talk 465
Chapter Thirty-Seven
The Sixth Campaign Plan and Operation Preparations in
Tandem with the Negotiations 471
Proposal of the Sixth Campaign 473
Design and Preparation for the Sixth Campaign 480
Guideline of Coordinating the Operation Preparations and
the Negotiations and Cancellation of the Sixth Campaign 488
Chapter Thirty-Eight
Crushing the 1951 Summer Offensive of the UN Forces 493
The UN Forces Launching the Summer Offensive 495
The KPA’s Defense Operations 499
The CPVs Combat Operations 508
Chapter Thirty-Nine
Guideline of Positional Warfare and Adjustment of
Battlefield Disposition 515
The Thought of “Learning to Conduct Both Positional Assault and
Positional Defense” 517
Guideline of Coastal Defense and Compositions of Combined
Command for Coastal Defense 523
v
Adjustment of Defense Disposition 531
Chapter Forty
Smashing the 1951 Autumn Offensive of the UN Forces 535
The UN Forces Launching the Autumn Offensive 537
Smashing the Attacks of the UN Forces on the Western Front 543
Smashing the Attacks of the UN Forces on the Eastern Front 553
Chapter Forty-One
Resumption of Armistice Negotiation and Military Demarcation
Line Agreed 567
Resumption of Negotiation on Armistice 569
The CPVs Launching Local Tactical Counterattacks 581
Kaesong Defense Battle and Islands Capture Battle 587
Agreement Reached on the Issue of the Military Demarcation Line 596
Appendix I: Tables of Organization Order 9-13 603
Index 619
Proper Nouns 619
Personal Names 621
Place Names 624
 
 
 
 
 
 
Volume III
Chapter Forty-two
Smashing the “Operation Strangle” of the US Armed Forces 1
The US Armed Forces Launching the “Operation Strangle” 3
Decision and Measures of the Central Military Commission and
the Chinese People’s Volunteers to Deal with the “Operation Strangle” 13
The CPVs Air Force Combat Operations Against the “Operation Strangle”
of the US Air Force 20
The CPVs Artillery Operations Against the “Operation Strangle” 28
The Fight of the CPVs Railroad Rush Repair and Transport Troops Against
the “Operation Strangle” of the US Air Force 38
The Fight of the Highway System Against the “Operation Strangle” of
the US Air Force 47
The US Air Force Declaring the Failure of the “Operation Strangle” 52
Chapter Forty-Three
The Establishment of the Idea to Hold Fast to the Defense Positions
and the Fight to Consolidate Positions 57
The Establishment of the Idea to Hold Fast to Defense Positions 59
Building the Defense System of Fortified Positions with Tunnels
as Backbones 63
The CPVs Holding a Meeting of Cadres above Formation Level and
Further Implementing the Defense Policy of Holding Fast to the Positions 72
The Battlefield Activities of the “UN Forces” after the Agreement on
the Military Demarcation Line 78
Battle Activities in Consolidation of the Positions 82
Chapter Forty-Four
Smashing the US Germ Warfare 95
The Secret Germ Warfare of the US Armed Forces in the Northern Part
of Korea and Part of China 97
The Decision That the CPC Central Committee and the Central Military
Commission Made on Anti-Germ Warfare 104
The Chinese and the Korean Governments and Peoples Jointly Accusing
the United States of Its Germ Warfare Crimes 112
ii
Organizing Investigation of the US Germ Warfare and Release
the Confessions of American Pilots 119
The Anti-Germ Warfare Epidemic Prevention and Treatment and
the Patriotic Epidemic Prevention and Public Health Campaign 127
Chapter Forty-Five
Struggle over Item 3, Item 4 and Item 5 of the Agenda of
the Armistice Negotiations and Deadlock over Item 4 137
Negotiations on Armistice Arrangement 139
Negotiation on the Recommendations to the Governments of
the Countries Concerned on Both Sides 158
..............