Distribution of the Problems according to Their Topics Preface Part 1. Key Elements from the Theory Notations Some ClassicM Forms of Argument Inequalities Divisibility Prime Numbers Congruences The Function [x] Arithmetical Functions Diophantine Equations Quadratic Reciprocity Continued Fractions Classification of Real Numbers Two Conjectures Part 2. Statements of the Problems Mathematical Induction and Combinatorics Divisibility Prime Numbers Representation of Numbers Congruences Primality Tests and Factorization Algorithms Integer Parts Arithmetical Functions Solving Equations Involving Arithmetical Functions Special Numbers Diophantine Equations Quadratic Reciprocity Continued Fractions Classification of Real Numbers Part 3. Solutions Bibliography Subject Index Index of Authors