前言 第一篇 醫(yī)學(xué)免疫學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn) 實(shí)驗(yàn)須知 一、實(shí)驗(yàn)課的目的與要求 二、實(shí)驗(yàn)室規(guī)則 實(shí)驗(yàn)一 凝集反應(yīng) 一、直接凝集反應(yīng) 二、間接凝集反應(yīng) 實(shí)驗(yàn)二 沉淀反應(yīng) 一、單向免疫瓊脂擴(kuò)散實(shí)驗(yàn) 二、雙向免疫瓊脂擴(kuò)散實(shí)驗(yàn) 三、對(duì)流免疫電泳實(shí)驗(yàn) 四、免疫電泳實(shí)驗(yàn) 五、火箭電泳實(shí)驗(yàn) 實(shí)驗(yàn)三 吞噬功能檢測(cè) 一、巨噬細(xì)胞的吞噬作用——大吞噬現(xiàn)象 二、中性粒細(xì)胞的吞噬作用——小吞噬現(xiàn)象(體外法) 實(shí)驗(yàn)四 小鼠脾細(xì)胞的制備 實(shí)驗(yàn)五 溶血空斑實(shí)驗(yàn) 實(shí)驗(yàn)六 E玫瑰花環(huán)形成實(shí)驗(yàn) 實(shí)驗(yàn)七 T淋巴細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)化實(shí)驗(yàn) 實(shí)驗(yàn)八 免疫標(biāo)記技術(shù) 一、B淋巴細(xì)胞抗原識(shí)別受體(SmIg)的檢測(cè)(直接免疫熒光法) 二、酶聯(lián)免疫吸附實(shí)驗(yàn)(ELISA) 實(shí)驗(yàn)九 豚鼠血清過(guò)敏反應(yīng) 第二篇 醫(yī)學(xué)微生物學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn) 實(shí)驗(yàn)十 細(xì)菌的形態(tài)與結(jié)構(gòu) 實(shí)驗(yàn)十一 細(xì)菌不染色標(biāo)本觀察法 實(shí)驗(yàn)十二 細(xì)菌染色標(biāo)本檢查法 一、革蘭染色法 二、抗酸染色法 實(shí)驗(yàn)十三 細(xì)菌的人工培養(yǎng)方法 一、細(xì)菌人工培養(yǎng)的接種方法 二、細(xì)菌生化反應(yīng) 實(shí)驗(yàn)十四 細(xì)菌的分布 一、自然環(huán)境中細(xì)菌的檢查 二、正常人體的細(xì)菌檢查 實(shí)驗(yàn)十五 外界因素對(duì)細(xì)菌的影響 一、物理因素對(duì)細(xì)菌的影響 二、化學(xué)因素對(duì)細(xì)菌的影響 三、細(xì)菌對(duì)抗生素的敏感性測(cè)定(瓊脂擴(kuò)散法) 實(shí)驗(yàn)十六 噬菌體的特異溶菌實(shí)驗(yàn) 實(shí)驗(yàn)十七 病原茵的致病性實(shí)驗(yàn) 一、透明質(zhì)酸酶的擴(kuò)散作用 二、血漿凝固酶實(shí)驗(yàn) 三、內(nèi)毒素測(cè)定與鱟實(shí)驗(yàn) 實(shí)驗(yàn)十八 溶菌酶實(shí)驗(yàn) 實(shí)驗(yàn)十九 病原性球菌 一、葡萄球菌、鏈球菌、肺炎球菌、腦膜炎球菌和淋球菌的形態(tài)及染色性 二、葡萄球菌、鏈球菌及肺炎球菌培養(yǎng)特性 三、抗鏈球菌溶血素O(ASO)的檢測(cè) 實(shí)驗(yàn)二十 腸道桿菌 一、腸道桿菌的形態(tài)及染色性 二、腸道桿菌培養(yǎng)特性 三、腸道桿菌的生化反應(yīng) 實(shí)驗(yàn)二十一 糞便標(biāo)本中致病性腸道桿菌的分離與鑒定 實(shí)驗(yàn)二十二 試管凝集反應(yīng) 實(shí)驗(yàn)二十三 厭氧芽胞梭茵 一、厭氧培養(yǎng)法 二、破傷風(fēng)梭菌、產(chǎn)氣莢膜梭菌與肉毒梭菌的形態(tài)及染色性 實(shí)驗(yàn)二十四 分枝桿菌 一、結(jié)核分枝桿菌的培養(yǎng)特征 二、肺結(jié)核患者痰標(biāo)本的直接涂片檢查 實(shí)驗(yàn)二十五 螺旋體形態(tài)(示教) 實(shí)驗(yàn)二十六 真菌基本形態(tài)及菌落特點(diǎn) 實(shí)驗(yàn)二十七 病毒的形態(tài)學(xué)特點(diǎn) 一、病毒CPE觀察 二、病毒包涵體觀察 實(shí)驗(yàn)二十八 病毒的培養(yǎng)方法 一、雞胚培養(yǎng)法 二、細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)法 實(shí)驗(yàn)二十九 流感病毒的血凝與血凝抑制實(shí)驗(yàn) 一、血凝實(shí)驗(yàn) 二、血凝抑制實(shí)驗(yàn) Preface Part 1 Medical Immunology Experiment Instructions i.Purposes and Requirements of the Experiment ii.Rules and Regulations of the Laboratory I.Agglutination Reaction i.Direct Agglutination Reaction ii.Indirect Agglutination Reaction II.Precipitation Reaction· i.Single Agar Immunodiffusion Test ii.Double Agar hnmunodiffusion Test iii.Counter Immunoelectrophoresis Test iv.Immunoelectrophoresis Test v.Rocket Electrophoresis Test III.Phagocytosis Test i.The Phagoeytosis of Macrophage——Big Phagocytosis Phenomenon ii.Neutrophil Phagocytosis——Small Phagocytosis Phenomenon(In Vitro) IV.The Preparation of Mouse Splenocyte V.Hemolytic Plaque Formation Test VI.E-Rosette Forming Cell Test VII. T Lymphocyte Transformation Test VIII. Immunolabelling Technique i.Detection of B Lymphocyte Antigen Recognition Receptors(Smlg)(Direct Immunofluorescence Method ii.Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay(ELISA) IX.Anaphylactic Shock in Guinea Pig Part 2 Medical Microbiology Experiment X.Morphology and Structure of the Bacteria XI.Observation of Unstained Bacteria Specimen XII.Observation of Stained Bacteria Specimen i.Gram's Staining ii.Acid-Fast Staining XIII.ArtificiaI Culture of Bacteria i.Inoculation Methods for Artificial Culture of Bacteria ii.Biochemical Reaction of Bacteria XIV.The Distribution Of Bacteria i.Bacterial Examination in the Natural Environment ii.Normal Human Bacterial Examination XV.The Influence of External Factors on Bacteria i.The Influence of Physical Factors on Bacteria ii.The Influence of Chemical Factors on Bacteria iii.Test 0n Bacterial Sensitivity to Antibiotics(Agar Diffusion Method) XVI.The Specific Bacteriolytic Test of Bacteriophage XVII.Pathogenicity Test of Pathogenic Bacteria i.Diffusion Effect of Hyaluronidase ii.Plasma Coagulase Test iii.Detection of Endotoxin and Limulus Test XVIII.Lysozyme Test XIX.Pathogenic Cocci i.The Morphology and Staining Characteristics of Staphylococcus,Streptococcus,StreDtococcMs Pneumoniae,Neisseria Meningitidis and Gonococcus ii.The Culture Characteristics of Staphylococcus,Streptococcus and Streptococcus Pneumoniae iii.Anti-Streptolysin O(ASO)Detection XX.Enterobacteriaceae i.The Morphology and Staining Characteristics of Enterobacteriaceae ii.Culture Characteristics of Enterobacteriaceae iii.Biochemical Reactions of Enterobacteriaceae XXI.The Separation and Identification of Pathogenic Enterobacteriaceae in Feces Specimens XXII.Tube Agglutination XXIII.Anaerobic Clostridium i.Anaerobic Cuhure ii.Morphology and Staining Characteristics of Clostridium Tetani,Clostridium Perfringens and Clostridium Botulinum XXIV.Mycobacterium i.The Cuiture Characteristics of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ii.Direct Smear Examination of Sputum Samples of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients XXV.The Morphology of Spirochetes(Demo) XXVI.Basic Morphology and Colony Characteristics of Fungi XXVII.Morphological Characteristics of Viruses i.Observation of Viral CPE ii.Observation of Viral Inclusion Body XXVIII.CulturaI Methods of Viruses i.Chick Embryo Culture Method ii.Cell Culture Method XXIX.Hemagglutination and Hemagglutination Inhibition Test of Influenza Virus i.Hemagglutination Test ii.Hemagglutination Inhibition Test