1 OVERVIEW OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Introduction: overall function of the digestive system Components of the digestive system Physiological processes of the digestive system Distribution of blood to the digestive organs Membrane transport Motility Enteric nervous system Control by autonomic nerves Endocrine control Control of blood flow Control of gastrointestinal functions during a meal2 THE MOUTH, SALIVARY GLANDS AND OESOPHAGUS Introduction The mouth Anatomy and histology of the tongue Saliva Salivary glands Oesophagus3 THE STOMACH: BASIC FUNCTIONS Introduction Anatomy and morphology of the stomach Secretory mucosa of the stomach Histology Composition of gastric juice Cellular mechanisms of secretion Role of the stomach in iron absorption Motility in the stomach4 THE STOMACH: CONTROL Introduction Control of gastric secretion Control of pepsinogen secretion Protective mechanisms in the mucosa Acid reduction therapy Control of motility in the stomach Control of the pyloric sphincter Control of gastric function by food5 PANCREAS: EXOCRINE FUNCTIONS Introduction Anatomy and morphology Pancreatic juice Alkaline secretion Pancreatic enzymes Control of secretion6 LIVER AND BILIARY SYSTEM Introduction Overview of the functioning of the hepatobiliary system Anatomy and morphology of the liver The gall bladder7 THE SMALL INTESTINE Introduction Intestinal phase of digestion Anatomy and structure Structure of the intestinal wall Motility in the small intestine Mixing and propulsion during a meal Control of motility Ileocaecal sphincter Drugs that affect intestinal motility8 DIGESTION AND ABSORPTION Introduction Absorption Absorption of important nutrients Protein Minerals and trace elements Water-soluble vitamins Lipids9 THE ABSORPTIVE AND POST-ABSORPTIVE STATES Introduction The absorptive state Insulin Post-absorptive state Control of the post-absorptive state10 THE COLON Introduction Anatomy Histology Appendix Anal canal Functions11 GASTROINTESTINAL PATHOLOGY Introduction Gastrointestinal malignancy Symptoms of gastrointestinal malignancy Common gastrointestinal malignancies Tumours of the pancreas Acute abdominal pain Surgical resections Mouth and oropharynx Oesophagus 194 Stomach and duodenum Hepatobiliary disease Pancreas Small bowel conditions Large intestine Ulcerative colitis Glossary Index
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