《社會(huì)迷亂決定因素研究（英文版）》在總結(jié)既往相關(guān)研究的基礎(chǔ)上，運(yùn)用跨國數(shù)據(jù)庫與分層線性統(tǒng)計(jì)模型，對(duì)“迷亂”這一概念進(jìn)行實(shí)證研究，以期驗(yàn)證默頓等犯罪學(xué)家就若干人口變量及經(jīng)濟(jì)變量在個(gè)人與國家（或地區(qū)）層面上是否可以解釋現(xiàn)今社會(huì)迷亂特別是美國社會(huì)的迷亂現(xiàn)象。由于犯罪學(xué)家對(duì)“迷亂”這一核心概念的理解與解釋各不相同，自20世紀(jì)中葉至本世紀(jì)初，他們運(yùn)用不同的實(shí)證研究方法對(duì)這一概念進(jìn)行了研究，以期發(fā)現(xiàn)預(yù)測個(gè)人與社會(huì)迷亂程度的關(guān)聯(lián)因素。具體而言，《社會(huì)迷亂決定因素研究（英文版）》所使用之原始數(shù)據(jù)源自1995年《歐洲與世界價(jià)值觀調(diào)查》（Europe and World Value Survey）及聯(lián)合國有關(guān)調(diào)查。在對(duì)社會(huì)迷亂理論進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)理論回顧、梳理及對(duì)既往實(shí)證研究進(jìn)行總結(jié)后，借助分層線性模型，系統(tǒng)研究30個(gè)主要國家及地區(qū)的人口變量及經(jīng)濟(jì)變量在個(gè)人與國家層面上對(duì)社會(huì)迷亂之影響。本項(xiàng)實(shí)證研究的結(jié)果表明，在諸多涉及個(gè)人層面的人口變量之中，性別、年齡和婚姻狀況等三個(gè)主要變量為社會(huì)迷亂理論之重要預(yù)測因素。而部分與經(jīng)濟(jì)有關(guān)的變量在個(gè)人和國家層面上均顯示出對(duì)社會(huì)迷亂顯著的影響。在全部自變量中，社會(huì)變遷，特別是一個(gè)國家是否曾經(jīng)歷劇烈的歷史變遷，對(duì)社會(huì)迷亂的影響最甚。這項(xiàng)研究支持下述假設(shè)：諸國均存在一定程度的社會(huì)迷亂，社會(huì)迷亂如涂爾干所預(yù)測的那樣具有普遍性；當(dāng)個(gè)人關(guān)注于物質(zhì)財(cái)富上的成功而甚少關(guān)注以合理合法的手段來取得這一成功的時(shí)候，社會(huì)迷亂就會(huì)發(fā)生；美國社會(huì)迷亂的平均水平并非如默頓所預(yù)言的那么高，這或許表明“美國夢”正逐漸喪失其由金錢及物欲驅(qū)動(dòng)的本性，人們的思想正在經(jīng)歷一系列的“價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)變”。
作者簡介
Dr. Ruohui Zhao is currently an assistant professor of criminology at University of Macau， Macau SAR， China. She earned her Ph.D. in cririainal justice from University of Nebraska at Omaha， USA. Her research interests include criminological theory， juvenile delinquency， and community-based corrections. Her articles have recently appeared or are forthcoming in such journals as Social Forces， International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology， and Criminal Justice and Behavior，
圖書目錄
CHAPTER ONE STATEMNET OF THE PROBLEM Introduction Main Criminological Theories to Explain Crime Anomie Theory Verification of A Theory Purpose of The Current Study The Current Study Organization of The Book CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE Historical Evolution of Anomie Theory Theoretical Perspectives The Anomie Perspective Durkheim's Theory on Social Structure and Anomie Merton's Instrumental Anomie and Differential Opportunity Strain Recent Revisions to Anomie Theory--Messner and Rosenfeld's Institutional Anomie Theory The Strain Perspeetive--A Brief Discussion Definition and Consequences of Anomie Durkheim and Merton's Conceptualization of Anomie Later Conceptualization of Anomie Macro-social Anomie vs. Micro-individual Anomie Operationalization of the Concept of Anomie Scales of Anomie Explanatory Variables Used in the Previous Studies One Country Studies:Economic-related Explanatory Variables and Findings One Country Studies:Non-economic Explanatory Variables and Findings Cross-national Studies:Explanatory Variables and Findings Significance of The Current Study CHAPTER THREE METHODS The Research Hypotheses The Necessity of Using Multilevel Analysis The Importance of Multi-Level Analysis Limitations of Previous Statistical Techniques in Conducting Multi-Level Analysis The Advantages of Using Multilevel Statistical Methods Procedures in Conducting the HLM Analysis The Sample Individual-level Data Source:The World Values Survey National-level Data Sources The Variables The Dependent Variable The Independent Variables CHAPTER FOUR RESULTS Descriptive Analysis Nation Differences in Anomie The Independent Variables at the Individual-level The Independent Variables at the National-level The HLM Analysis CHAPTER FIVE DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Clarification of the Concept of Anomie The Determinants of Anomie Explaining the Low Level of Anomie in the United States Monetary Success vs. Legitimate Means Further Discussions on the "Value Shift" The Effect of Rapid Social Change on Anomie Change from One Type of Society to Another --The Nation Effect on Anomie Interaction of Economic Growth with Nation Type The Limitations of the Present Study and Suggestions for the Future Research Conclusion REFERENCES APPENDIX ONE APPENDIX TWO ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 后記
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