The idea behind all this talk is first of all to train the mind to work in a scholarly way， to think and act as does a mature scholar. However， the scholarly mode of thinking and perception is not the exclusive copyright of the scholar. Its best features are seen in almost all the high achievers of all fields of activity. The first of these features is its emphasis on knowledge， or the state of being well-informed and up-to-date. Another feature is its methodial manner of doing things， being well-organized and following a rationale. The third feature， probably' the most important， is its striving tor originality， its determination to settle for nothing short of the best， which is the excellence of the highest order.
Table of Contents Foreword Part One Research Chapter 1 Research （Ⅰ）: Defining Terms/Introduction of the MLA Format Chapter 2 Research （Ⅱ）: The Basics of Research/Looking for Information Chapter 3 Aids to Research: Research Cards/Reading Reports/The Bibliographical Essay Chapter 4 Research （Ⅲ）: Evaluating Information Chapter 5 Research （Ⅳ）: Documenting Information Part Two Writing Chapter 6 Writing （Ⅰ）: The Choice of a Topic/The Thesis Statement and the Structuring of a Paper/Format: Chinese or English/How to Write an MA Thesis or a Doctoral Dissertation Chapter 7 Writing （Ⅱ）: The Basics of Writing/The Choice of Words/The Sentence/The Paragraph/The Topic Sentence/The Conclusion Chapter 8 Perception and Originality/Reading/Summing Up/A Few Words about Keeping Fit and Staying Well Part Three The MLA Style Chapter 9 The MLA Style （Ⅰ）: Some General Rules Chapter 10 The MLA Style （Ⅱ）: Parenthetical Citations Chapter 11 The MLA Style （Ⅲ）: The Works Cited/Format Exercises The APA Style Part Four Appendices ?、? The MLA Style （MLA）: An Essay Documented in This Style ?、? The APA Style（APA）: An Essay Documented in This Style Ⅲ. The Chicago Manuel of Style（CMS）: An Essay Documented in This Style ?、? Answers to the MLA Format Exercises Ⅴ. A Research Paper as a Paradigm ?、? A Bibliographical Essay as a Paradigm ?、? How to Write an Abstract, a Proposal, a Resume, and an Application Letter ?、? A Unique Essay: "American Individualism" ?、? Scholarly Journals for Publication ?、? Important Academic Conferences and Symposia ?、? Editing （Correction） Symbols ?、? The Chinese Writing Format Bibliography Index
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