This book is intended as an introduction to fixed point theory and itsapplications. The topics treated range from fairly standard results (such asthe Principle of Contraction Mapping, Brouwers and Schauders fixedpoint theorems) to the frontier of what is known, but we have not tried toachieve maximal generality in all possible directions. We hope that thereferences quoted may be useful for this purpose.The point of view adopted in this book is that of functional analysis; forthe readers more interested in the algebraic topological point of view wehave added some references at the end of the book. A knowledge offunctional analysis is not a prerequisite, although a knowledge of anintroductory course in functional analysis would be profitable. However,the book contains two introductory chapters, one on general topology andanother on Banach and Hilbert spaces.
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Editors Preface Foreword CHAPTER 1. Topological Spaces and Topological Linear Spaces 1.1. Metric Spaces 1.2. Compactness in Metric Spaces. Measures of Noncompactness 1.3. Baire Category Theorem 1.4. Topological Spaces 1.5. Linear Topological Spaces. Locally Convex Spaces CHAPTER 2. Hilbert spaces and Banach spaces 2.1. Normed Spaces. Banach Spaces 2.2. Hilbert Spaces 2.3. Convergence in X, X* and L(X) 2.4. The Adjoint of an Operator 2.5. Classes of Banach Spaces 2.6. Measures of Noncompactness in Banach Spaces 2.7. Classes of Special Operators on Banach Spaces CHAPTER 3. The Contraction Principle 3.0. Introduction 3.1. The Principle of Contraction Mapping in Complete Metric Spaces 3.2. Linear Operators and Contraction Mappings 3.3. Some Generalizations of the Contraction Mappings 3.4. Hilberts Projective Metric and Mappings of Contractive Type 3.5. Approximate Iteration 3.6. A Converse of the Contraction Principle 3.7. Some Applications of the Contraction Principle CHAPTER 4. Brouwers Fixed Point Theorem 4.0. Introduction 4.1. The Fixed Point Property 4.2. Brouwers Fixed Point theorem. Equivalent Formulations 4.3. Robbins Complements of Brouwers Theorem 4.4. The Borsuk-Ulam Theorem 4.5. An Elementary Proof of Brouwers Theorem 4.6. Some Examples 4.7. Some Applications of Brouwers Fixed Point Theorem 4.8. The Computation of Fixed Points. Scarfs Theorem CHAPTER 5. Schauders Fixed Point Theorem and Some Generalizations 5.0. Introduction 5.1. The Schauder Fixed Point Theorem 5.2. Darbos Generalization of Schauders Fixed Point Theorem 5.3. Krasnoselskiis, Rothes and Altmans Theorems 5.4. Browders and Fans Generalizations of Schauders and Tychonoffs Fixed Point Theorem 5.5. Some Applications CHAPTER 6. Fixed Point Theorems jbr Nonexpansive Mappings and Related Classes of Mappings 6.0. Introduction 6.1. Nonexpansive Mappings 6.2. The Extension of Nonexpansive Mappings 6.3. Some General Properties of Nonexpansive Mappings 6.4. Nonexpansive Mappings on Some Classes of Banach Spaces 6.5. Convergence of Iterations of Nonexpansive Mappings 6.6. Classes of Mappings Related to Nonexpansive Mappings 6.7. Computation of Fixed Points for Classes of Nonexpansive Mappings 6.8. A Simple Example of a Nonexpansive Mapping on a Rotund Space Without Fixed Points CHAPTER 7. Sequences of Mappings and Fixed Points 7.0. Introduction 7.1. Convergence of Fixed Points for Contractions or Related Mappings 7.2. Sequences of Mappings and Measures of Noncompactness CHAPTER 8. Duality Mappings amt Monotome Operators 8.0. Introduction 8.1. Duality Mappings 8.2. Monotone Mappings and Classes of Nonexpansive Mappings 8.3. Some Surjectivity Theorems on Real Banach Spaces 8.4. Some Surjectivity Theorems in Complex Banach Spaces 8.5. Some Surjectivity Theorems in Locally Convex Spaces 8.6. Duality Mappings and Monotonicity for Set-Valued Mappings 8.7. Some Applications CHAPTER 9. Families of Mappings and Fixed Points 9.0. Introduction 9.1. Markovs and Kakutanis Results 9.2. The RylI-Nardzewski Fixed Point Theorem 9.3. Fixed Points for Families of Nonexpansive Mappings 9.4. lnvariant Means on Semigroups and Fixed Point for Families of Mappings CHAPTER 10. Fixed Points and Set-Valued Mappings 10.0 Introduction 10.1 The Pompeiu-Hausdorff Metric 10.2. Continuity for Set-Valued Mappings 10.3. Fixed Point Theorems for Some Classes of Set-valued Mappings 10.4. Set-Valued Contraction Mappings 10.5. Sequences of Set-Valued Mappings and Fixed Points CHAPTER 11. Fixed Point Theorems for Mappings on PM-Spaces 11.0. Introduction 11.1. PM-Spaces 11.2. Contraction Mappings in PM-Spaces 11.3. Probabilistic Measures of Noncompactness 11.4. Sequences of Mappings and Fixed Points CHAPTER 12. The Topological Degree 12.0.Introduction 12.1. The Topological Degree in Finite-Dimensional Spaces 12.2. The Leray-Schauder Topological Degree 12.3. Lerays Example 12.4. The Topological Degree for k-Set Contractions 12.5. The Uniqueness Problem for the Topological Degree I2.6. The Computation of the Topological Degree 12.7. Some Applications of the Topological Degree BIBLIOGRAPHY INDEX