;the Groudnwork Chapter 1 The Big Picture 2 The Information Layer Chapter 2 Bianary Values and Number Systems Chapter 3 Data Representation 3 The Hardware Layer Chapter 4 Gates and Circuits Chapter 5 Computing Components 4 The Prodramming Layer Chapter 6 Problem Solving and Algorithm Design Chapter 7 Low-Level Programming Languages Chapter 8 High-Level Programming Languages Chapter 9 Abstract Data Types and Algorithms 5 Operating Systems Layer Chapter 10 Operating Systems Chapter 11 File Systems and Directories 6 The Applications Layer Chapter 12 Information Systems Chapter 13 Artificial Intelligence Chapter 14 Simulation and Other Applications 7 The Communications Layer Chapter 15 Networks Chapter 16 The World Wide Web 8 In Conclusion Chapter 17 Limitations of Computing Glossary Endnotes Index