Chapter 1 InWoducfion 1.1 Definition of lexicology 1.2 Definition of a word 1.3 Classification of English words 1.4 Aims and significance of the English lexicology course Chapter 2 Sources of English vocabulary 2.1 Native words in modem English 2.2 Borrowed words in modem English 2.2.1 Words from Latin 2.2.2 Words from Greek 2.2.3 Words from French 2.2.4 Words from Scandinavian 2.2.5 Words from Italian 2.2.6 Words from German 2.2.7 Words from Arabic 2.2.8 Words from Chinese 2.3 Neologisms in modern English 2.3.1 Sources of neologisms 2.3.2 Formations of neologisms Chapter 3 Morphological structures of English words 3.1 Morpheme 3.2 Classification of morphemes 3.2.1 Free morphemes and bound morphemes 3.2.2 Roots and affixes 3.2.3 Roots and stems 3.2.4 Morphs.morphemes，allomorphs Appendix：some common roots Chapter 4 Word-formation 4.1 Derivation Appendix：some common prefixes Appendix：some common suffixes 4.2 Compounding 4.2.1 Noun compounds 4.2.2 Adjective compounds 4.2.3 Verb compounds 4.2.4 Pronoun compounds 4.2.5 Adverb compounds 4.2.6 Preposition compounds 4.2.7 Conjunction compounds 4.3 Conversion 4.3.1 Conversion from noun to verb 4.3.2 Conversion from verb to noun 4.3.3 Conversion from adjective to noun 4.4 Blending Appendix：some common blends 4.5 Clipping Appendix：some common clippings 4.6 Acronymy Appendix：some common acronyms and initialisms 4.7 Back—formation 4.8 By analogy Chapter 5 Motivation 5.1 Phonetic motivation 5.1.1 Primary onomatopoeia 5.1.2 Secondary onomatopoeia 5.2 Semantic motivation 5.3 Morphological motivation 5.4 Motivation and cultural background Chapter 6 Types of word meaning 6.1 Grammatical meaning and lexical meaning 6.2 Conceptual meaning and connotative meaning 6.3 Social meaning 6.4 Mfective meaning 6.5 Collocative meaning 6.6 Thematic meaning 6.7 Local meaning Chapter 7 Semantic relationship between words 7.1 Polysemy 7.2 Homonymy 7.2.1 Perfect homonyms 7.2.2 Homophones 7.2.3 Homographs 7.2.4 Creation of homonyms Appendix：some common homonyms 7.3 Synonymy 7.3.1 Differences between synonyms 7.3.2 Sources of synonyms 7.3.3 Synonymous patterns Appendix：some common euphemisms 7.4 Antonymy 7.4.1 Classification of antonyms 7.4.2 Different antonyms in different contexts 7.4.3 The use of antonyms 7.5 Hyponymy 7.6 Semantic field Chapter 8 Changes in word meaning 8.1 Causes of changes in word meaning 8.2 Tendencies that lead to the changes in word meaning 8.2.1 Generalization 8.2.2 Specialization 8.2.3 Elevation 8.2.4 Degradation 8.2.5 Change of meaning resulting from figurative use of eords 8.2.6 The use of the abstract for the concrete or vice versa 8.2.7 Common words from proper names Chapter 9 Meaning and context 9.1 Types of context 9.I.1 Linguistic context 9.1.2 Extra—linguistic context 9.2 Context and ambiguity 9.3 Ambiguity and fuzziness Chapter 10 English idioms 10.1 Definition of idioms 10.2 Characteristics of English idioms 10.2.1 Semantic unity 10.2.2 Structural stability 10.3 Sources of English idioms 10.4 Classification of English idioms 10.4.1 Idioms nominal in nature 10.4.2 Idioms adjectival in nature 10.4.3 Idioms verbal in nature 10.4.4 Idioms adverbial in nature 10.4.5 Sentence idioms 10.5 Stylistic features of idioms Appendix：some common Dmverbs Chapter 11 American English 11.1 Brief history of American English 11.2 Characteristics of American English 11.2.1 Creativjty 11.2.2 Archaism 11.2.3 Heterogeneity 11.2.4 Uniformity 11.2.5 Popularity of slang 11.3 Differences between British and American English 11.3.1 Differences in pronunciation 11.3.2 Differences in spelling 11.3.3 Differences in vocabulary 11.3.4 Differences in grammar Key to exercises Glossary of some linguistic terms Reference books
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