中國(guó)歷史常識(shí)（中英對(duì)照）

中國(guó)古代史
Period before the Opium War of 1840
中國(guó)歷史的開(kāi)篇——先秦
The Dawn of Chinese History—The Pre-Qin Period
概述 Introduction
中國(guó)境內(nèi)最早的人類(lèi) The Earliest Human Beings in China
開(kāi)天辟地的創(chuàng)世神話 The Great Myth of the Creation of Man in Ancient China
華夏之祖 Ancestors of the Chinese Nation
大禹治水 Yu the Great Harnesses the Flood
武王伐紂 King Wu Attacks King Zhou
周公東征 Duke Zhou's Conquest of the East
春秋五霸 The Five Hegemons of the Spring and Autumn Period
戰(zhàn)國(guó)七雄 The Seven Powers of the Warring States Period
大教育家孔子 Confucius,the Great Educator
諸子百家 The "Hundred Schools of Thought" and Their Exponents
世界第一部兵書(shū)——《孫子兵法》 The Art of War—The World First Treatise on Military Science
封建大一統(tǒng)時(shí)期——秦、漢
The Period of Great Feudal Unity—The Qin and Han Dynasties
概述 Introduction
中國(guó)的第一位皇帝——秦始皇 Qinshihuang,the First Emperor in Chinese History
萬(wàn)里長(zhǎng)城 The Great Wall
大澤鄉(xiāng)起義 The Dazexiang Uprising
劉邦與項(xiàng)羽 Liu Bang and Xiang Yu
漢武大帝 Emperor Wudi the Great of the Han Dynasty
張騫出使西域 Zhang Qian's Mission to the Western Regions
昭君出塞 Zhaojun Goes Beyond the Great Wall as a Bride
司馬遷與《史記》 Sima Qian and His Records of the historian
科學(xué)家張衡 Zhang Heng,a Pioneering Scientist
“醫(yī)圣”張仲景與“外科鼻祖”華佗 Zhang Zhongjing,the Saint of Medicine and Hua Tuo,the Founder of Surgery
封建國(guó)家的分裂和民族大融合時(shí)期——三國(guó)、兩晉、南北朝
The Division of China Once More and the Intermingling of Ethnic Groups—The Three Kingdoms,the Two Jin Dynasties and the Southern and Northern Dynasties
概述 Introduction
曹橾 Cao Cao
諸葛亮 Zhuge Liang
赤壁之戰(zhàn) The Battle of the Red Cliff
西晉八王之亂 Eight Kings' Insurrection in the Western Jin Dynasty
淝水之戰(zhàn) The Battle of Feishui
孝文帝改革 The Reforms of Emperor Xiaowen
花木蘭代父從軍 Hua Mulan Joined the Army in Place of Her Father
“書(shū)圣”王義之與“畫(huà)絕”顧愷之 Wang Xizhi,the Saint of Calligraphy,and Gu Kaizhi,the Matchless Painter
數(shù)學(xué)家祖沖之 Zu Chongzhi,the Remarkable Mathematician
封建社會(huì)的繁榮時(shí)期——隋、唐
The Heyday of Feudal Society—The Sui and Tang Dynasties
概述 Introduction
隋朝大運(yùn)河 The Grand Canal of the Sui Dynasty
貞觀之治 The Benign Administration of the Zhenguan Reign Period
女皇帝武則天 Wu Zetian,China's First Female Monarch
開(kāi)元盛世 The Flourishing Kaiyuan Reign Period
繁盛的長(zhǎng)安城 The Heyday of Chang'an
松贊干布與文成公主 Songtsen Gampo and Princess Wencheng
玄奘西游 Xuanzang's Journey to the West
鑒真東渡 Jianzhen Crosses the Ocean toJapan
三大石窟 The Three Famous Grottoes
科舉制 The Imperial Civil Examination System
封建社會(huì)的繼續(xù)發(fā)展和民族政權(quán)并立時(shí)期——五代、遼、宋、夏、金、元
The Continued Development of Feudal Society and the Coexistence of Ethnic Regimes—The Five Dynasties,and the Liao,Song,Xia,Jin and Yuan Dynasties
概述 Introduction
杯酒釋兵權(quán) Relieving the Generals of Their Commands at a Feast
赤膽忠心的楊家將 The Loyal Generals of the Yang Family
秉公執(zhí)法的“包青天” Bao the Upright Judge
忠心報(bào)國(guó)的岳飛 General Yue Fei,a Paragon of Loyalty
歷史名臣文天祥 Wen Tianxiang,a Renowned Minister
成吉思汗與忽必烈 Genghis Khan and Kublai Khan
馬可·波羅來(lái)華 Marco Pole's Travels in China
四大發(fā)明 The Four Great Inventions
《清明上河圖》 Riverside scene on the Pure Brightness Festival
司馬光與《資治通鑒》 Sima Guang and the Comprehensive Mirror for Aid in Government
統(tǒng)一的多民族國(guó)家進(jìn)一步發(fā)展和封建社會(huì)由盛而衰時(shí)期——明、清(鴉片戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)以前)
The Period of Further Development of the Unitary Multi-ethnic Country and the Decline of Feudal Society—The Ming and Qing Dynasties (Before the Opium War of 1840)
概述 Introduction
明朝開(kāi)國(guó)皇帝朱元璋 Zhu Yuanzhang,the First Emperor of the Ming Dynasty
鄭和下西洋 Zheng He's Voyages to the Western Seas
戚繼光抗倭 Qi Jiguang Repels Japanese Pirates
清官海瑞 Hai Rui,an Upright and Incorruptible Official
闖王李自成 Daring King Li Zicheng
鄭成功收復(fù)臺(tái)灣 Zheng Chenggong Recovers Taiwan
康乾盛世 The Golden Age of Three Emperors
科學(xué)巨匠與巨著 Great Scientists and Their Contributions
中國(guó)近代史
Modern Period
概述 Introduction
林則徐與虎門(mén)銷(xiāo)煙 Lin Zexu and the Destruction of Opium at Humen
第一次鴉片戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng) The First Opium War
太平天國(guó)農(nóng)民運(yùn)動(dòng) The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement
第二次鴉片戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng) The Second Opium War
洋務(wù)運(yùn)動(dòng) The Westernization Movement
中日甲午戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)與《馬關(guān)條約》 Sino-Japanese War of 1894 and the Treaty of Shimonoseki
戊戌變法 The Reform Movement of 1898
義和團(tuán)運(yùn)動(dòng) The Yihetuan Movement
孫中山與辛亥革命 Dr. Sun Yat-sen and the Revolution of 1911
“五四”運(yùn)動(dòng) The May 4th Movement
中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨的成立 The Founding of the Communist Party of China
第一次國(guó)共合作 The First Round of KMT-CPC Cooperation
北伐戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng) The Northern Expedition
南昌起義 The Nanchang Uprising
二萬(wàn)五千里長(zhǎng)征 The Long March of 25 000 li
“九一八”事變 The September 18th Incident
華北事變與“一·二·九”運(yùn)動(dòng) The Huabei Incident and the December 9th Movement
西安事變 The Xi'an Incident
“七七”事變 The July 7th Incident
平型關(guān)大捷 The Victory at Pingxing Pass
南京大屠殺 The Nanking Massacre
臺(tái)兒莊戰(zhàn)役 The Taierzhuang Campaign
華僑與抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng) Overseas Chinese and the Anti-Japanese War
重慶談判 The Chongqing Negotiations
解放戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng) The War of Liberation
現(xiàn)代中國(guó)
Contemporary Period
概述 Introduction
毛澤東與新中國(guó)的建立 Mao Zedong and the Founding of New China
抗美援朝保家衛(wèi)國(guó) The War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea
周恩來(lái)與新中國(guó)外交 Zhou Enlai and New China's Diplomacy
鄧小平與改革開(kāi)放 Deng Xiaoping and the Reform and Opening-up Policies
香港回歸 Hong Kong's Return to China
澳門(mén)回歸 Macao's Return to China
載人航天飛行的巨大成就 Great Achievement in Manned Spaceflight
中國(guó)體育走向世界 China as a World Power in Sports
附錄 Appendix
中國(guó)歷史年代簡(jiǎn)表 A Brief Chronology of Chinese History