PREFACE PART I CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS 1 INTRODUCTION Conceptualizing Communication Conceptualizing Culture Differentiating Terminology Plan for the Book Summary Study Questions Suggested Readings 2 AN APPROACH TO THE STUDY OF INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION The Concept of the Stranger Intergroup and Interpersonal Behavior Anxiety/Uncertainty Management An Organizing Model for Studying Communication with Strangers Summary Study Questions Suggested Readings PART II INFLUENCES ON THE PROCESS OF 3 COMMUNICATING WITH STRANGERS CULTURAL INFLUENCES ON THE PROCESS Individualism-Collectivism Hofstede's Dimensions of Cultural Variability Kluckhohn and Strodtbeck's Value Orientations Parsons' Pattern Variables Structural Tightness Cultural Communication Summary Study Questions Suggested Readings 4 SOCIOCULTURAL INFLUENCES ON THE PROCESS Membership in Social Groups The Nature of Social Identities Social Identities Influencing Our Communication with Strangers Identity Negotiation in Intergroup Encounter Summary Study Questions Suggested Readings 5 PSYCHOCULTURAL INFLUENCES ON THE PROCESS The Nature of Expectations Stereotypes Intergroup Attitudes Changing Our Expectations of Strangers Summary Study Questions Suggested Readings 6 ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES ON THE PROCESS Physical Environment The Situation Situational Norms and Rules Psychological Environment Summary Study Questions Suggested Readings PART III INTERPRETING AND TRANSMITTING MESSAGES 7 INTERPRETING MESSAGES Perceptual Processes Making Attributions Cognitive Styles Patterns of Thought Summary …… PART IV INTERACTION WITH STRANGERS REFERENCES INDEX