Foreword References CHAPTER1 Introduction 1.1 The Need for Oversampling Converters 1.2 Delta and Delta-SigmaModulation 1.3 Higher-Order Single-Stage Noise-SHaping Modulators 1.4 Multi-Stage(Cascade MASH)Modulators 1.5 BandpassΔ∑Modulators 1.6 Δ∑Modulators with Multi-Bit Quantizers 1.7 Delta-Sigma igital-to-Analog Conversters 1.8 History;Performance and Architecture Trends CHAPTER2 The First-Order Delta Sigma Modulator 2.1 Quantizers and Quantization Noise 2.2 MODl as an ADC 2.3 MODl as a DAC 2.4 MODl Linear Model 2.5 Simulation of MODl 2.6 MODl under DC Excitation 2.7 Stability of MODl 2.8 THe Effects of Finite Op-Amp Gain 2.9 Decimation Filters for MODl 2.10 Conclusions CHAPTER3 The Second-Order Delta-Sigma Modulator 3.1 The Second-Order Modulator:MOD2 3.2 Simulation of MOD2 3.3 Nonlinear Effects in MOD2 3.4 Alternative ZSecond-Order Modulator Structures 3.5 Decimation Filtering for Second-OrderΔ∑ Modulators 3.6 Conclusions CHAPTER4 Higher-Order Delta-Sigma Modulation 4.1 High-Order Single-Quantizer Modulators 4.2 Stability Considerations in High-Order Modualtors 4.3 Optimization of the NTF Zeros and Poles 4.4 Loop Filter Achitecures 4.5 Multi-Stage Modulators 4.6 Conclusions CHAPTER5 Bandpass and Quadrature Delta-Sigma Modulation 5.1 The Need for Bandpass and Quadrature Modulation 5.2 Bandpass NTF Selection 5.3 Architectures for Bandpass Delta-Sigma Modulators 5.4 Bandpass Modulator Example 5.5 Quadrature Signals 5.6 Quadrature Modulation 5.7 Conclusions CHAPTER6 Implementation Considerations For Δ∑ ADCs 6.1 Modulators with Multi-Bit Internal Quantizers 6.2 Dual-Quantizer Modulators 6.3 Dynamic Element Randomization …… CHAPTER7 Delat-Sigma DACs CHAPTER8 High-Level Design and Simulation CHAPTER9 Example Modulator Systems APPENDIX A Spectral Estimation APPENDIX B The Delta-Sigma Toolbox APPENDIX C Noise in Switched-Capacitor Delta-Sigma Data Converters