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亞洲沙塵暴及其數(shù)值預(yù)報系統(tǒng)

亞洲沙塵暴及其數(shù)值預(yù)報系統(tǒng)

定 價:¥100.00

作 者: 張小曳
出版社: 氣象出版社
叢編項:
標(biāo) 簽: 地球?qū)W

ISBN: 9787502942014 出版時間: 2006-11-01 包裝: 平裝
開本: 16 頁數(shù): 570 字?jǐn)?shù):  

內(nèi)容簡介

  沙塵暴是一種自然現(xiàn)象,不僅對全球和區(qū)域的氣候和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)有重要的影響,而且對工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)、交通、建筑設(shè)施、人民健康和生活等造成嚴(yán)重的危害。了解沙塵暴形成與發(fā)展變化的機(jī)制是國土沙漠化治理宏觀決策的需要。準(zhǔn)確地進(jìn)行沙塵暴的預(yù)報和預(yù)警是我國防災(zāi)減災(zāi)和生態(tài)建設(shè)的需求。沙塵氣溶膠從干旱、半干旱區(qū)釋放到大氣之中,經(jīng)傳輸和沉降形成了人們看到的沙塵暴過程。全球大氣沙塵氣溶膠約占大氣顆粒物總量的一半以上,其源區(qū)主要分布于北半球的撒哈拉沙漠和包括中國北方沙漠在內(nèi)的亞洲沙漠和沙地,以及南半球的澳大利亞沙漠。中國科學(xué)家的研究已經(jīng)表明,主要起源于中國和蒙古國沙漠的亞洲沙塵是全球大氣的重要組分,每年約向大氣中注入800 Tg的沙塵粒子。國際上的許多研究也證明,亞洲沙塵控制著北半球中緯度大氣、黃土、深海沉積物中沙塵的總量。在沒有人為擾動的地質(zhì)歷史時期,甚至可能控制著大氣中的顆粒物總量。沙塵暴的發(fā)生在我國黃土中的記錄至少可以追溯到過去的260萬年。我國也有幾百年的歷史資料記錄了“雨土”等沙塵暴現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生。沙塵的極端輸送事件——沙塵暴,作為亞洲最引人注目的環(huán)境現(xiàn)象之一,不僅對我國的生存環(huán)境造成影響,也影響到下風(fēng)方的廣大區(qū)域,成為北半球重要的國際環(huán)境問題之一,且一直是國際關(guān)注的研究課題。

作者簡介

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圖書目錄

前言
第一部分 亞洲沙塵氣溶膠的物理特性與化學(xué)組成
 Study on Three Dust Storms in China--Source Characterization of Atmospheric Trace Element and Transport Process of Mineral Aerosol Particles
 Atmospheric Trace Elements over Source Regions for Chinese Dust:Concentrations,Sources and Atmospheric Deposition on the Loess Plateau
 Chemical Composition of Atmospheric Aerosols from Zhenbeitai,China and Gosan,South Korea,during ACE-Asia
Characterization of Soil Dust during 2001 ACE—Asia:
1.Network Observations
Atmospheric Dust Aerosol over the Tibetan Plateau
 Characterization of Atmospheric Aerosol over Xi’an in the South Margin of the Loess Plateau,China
Characterization and Temporal Variation of Asian Dust Aerosol from a Site in the Northern Chinese Deserts
Optical Properties and Size Distribution of Dust Aerosols over the Tengger Desert in Northern China
Chemical and Optical Characterization of Aerosols Measured in Spring 2002 at the ACE—Asia Supersite,Zhenbeitai,China
Characteristics of Carbonate Content and Carbon and Oxygen Isotopic Composition Northern China Soil and Dust Aerosol and Its Application to Tracing Dust Sources
Analysis on the Chemical and Physical Properties of Particles in a Dust Storm in Spring in Beijing
Characterization and Sources of Regional-scale Transported Carbonaceous and Dust Aerosole form Different Pathways in Costal and Sandy Land Areas of China
第二部分 亞洲沙塵暴的源區(qū)分布、釋放量及成因
Sources of Asian Dust and Role of Climate Change Versus Desertification in Asian Dust Emission
Elemental Tracers for Chinese Source Dust
Remote Mineral Aerosol in Westerlies and Their Contributions tO Chinese Loess
DuSt Emission from Chinese Desert Sources linked tO Variations in tmospheric Circulation
Concentration,Size-distribution and Deposition of Mineral Aerosol over Chinese Desert Regions
The Transport Pathways and Sources of PMlo Pollution in Beijing during Spring 200 1,2002 and 2003
The Contribution from Distant Dust Sources tO the Atmospheric Particulate Matter Loadings at Xi’an,China during Spring
第三部分 形成沙塵暴的天氣、氣候特征分析
 Typical Severe Dust Storms in Northern China during 1954—2002
 Analyses of the Spring Dust Storm Frequency of Northern China in Relation tO Antecedent and Concurrent Wind,Precipitation,Vegetation,and Soil Moisture Conditions
Regional Characteristics of Three Kinds of Dust Storm Events in China
A Simulated Climatology of Asian Dust Aerosol and Its Trans—Pacific Transport.Part Ⅰ:Mean Climate and Validation
A Simulated Climatology of Asian Dust Aerosol and Its Trans-Pacific Transport.PartⅡ:Interannual Variability and Climate Connections
第四部分 沙塵暴的數(shù)值模擬與預(yù)報
第五部分 沙塵的氣候效應(yīng)
第六部分 地質(zhì)歷史時期的亞洲沙塵暴
附錄 其他論文列表

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