Chapter 1 Human Language 1.1 Language and languages 1.2 Language and human beings 1.3 Knowledge of language: endowed or conventional? 1.4 A marvelous scope to explore Linguistic Stars: F. de Saussure Chapter 2 Linguistics as a Science 2.1 Speculation 2.2 Starting from observation 2.3 Doing your own research 2.4 Three adequacies 2.5 Testing a theory 2.6 The "tourist map" of linguistics Linguistic Stars: O. Jespersen Chapter 3 Speech Sounds and Their System 3.1 IPA 3.2 Articulation 3.3 Consonants 3.4 Vowels 3.5 Phonemes and allophones 3.6 Stress and pitch Linguistic Stars: YR Chao Chapter 4 Word-making and Word-marking 4.1 Morphemes 4.2 Morphemes in Chinese 4.3 Compounding 4.4 Idiomatic power Linguistic Stars: L. Bloomfield Chapter 5 Phrase Hierarchy 5.1 Trees 5.2 Merging 5.3 Functional categories 5.4 X-bar trees 5.5 A universal skeleton 5.6 From IP to CP Linguistic Stars: N. Chomsky Chapter 6 From Form to Meaning 6.1 Proposition 6.2 Theta roles Linguistic Stars: C. Fillmore Chapter 7 From Meaning to Function 7.1 Structurizing meaning 7.2 Signifier vs. signified 7.3 Denotation vs. connotation 7.4 Meaning vs. function Linguistic Stars: R. Montague Chapter 8 Functional Structures in Communication 8.1 Given and New 8.2 Theme and Rheme 8.3 Topic-comment and end focus 8.4 A "meaning potential" Linguistic Stars: M. Halliday Chapter 9 Meaning and Use 9.1 Language games 9.2 Act in words 9.3 What does the speaker mean by saying that? 9.4 Flouting maxims enjoyably Linguistic Stars: L. Wittgenstein Chapter 10 Language Instinct 10.1 The modularity of language 10.2 Clinical evidence 10.3 Species uniqueness Linguistic Stars: S. Pinker Chapter 11 Language Convention 11.1 Noah Webster' s oath 11.2 Stretching the grammar 11.3 Social imprint 11.4 Tongue and face 11.5 Magic kaleidoscopes Linguistic Stars: W. Labov Chapter 12 Language Acquisition 12.1 Babbling 12.2 Prosodic bootstrapping 12.3 Error-marked creation 12.4 Triggering and choosing 12.5 Critical period Linguistic Stars: EH Lenneherg Chapter 13 Second Language 13.1 Defining L2 acquisition 13.2 Fundamentally different? 13.3 Are you fed up? 13.4 Lado and Corder 13.5 Krashen and Swain 13.6 Interlanguage 13.7 Is UG Still awake? Linguistic Stars: S. Krashen Chapter 14 Universals and Diversities 14.1 Language universals 14.2 Language diversities 14.3 Implications in Translation Linguistic Stars: JH Greenberg Chapter 15 Global Language 15.1 Rebuilding the Babel 15.2 Why is it English? 15.3 Teaching English as a foreign language 15.4 Globalized uncertainties Epilogue Linguistic Stars: H. Widdowson Glossary
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