PREFACE GLOSSARY OF NOTATIONS 1 VIDEO FORMATION, PERCEPTION, AND REPRESENTATION l.l Color Perception and Specification l.2 Video Capture and Display l.3 Analog Video Raster l.4 Analog Color Television Systems l.5 Digital Video l.6 Summary 30 l.7 Problems 31 1.8 Bibliography 32
2 FOURIER ANALYSIS OF VIDEO SIGNALS AND FREQUENCY RESPONSE OF THE HUMAN VISUAL SYSTEM 2.1 Multidimensional Continuous-Space Signals and Systems 33 2.2 Multidimensional Discrete-Space Signals and Systems 36 2.3 Frequency Domain Characterization of Vdeo Signals 38 2.4 Frequency Response of the Human Visual System 42 2.5 Summary 50 2.6 Problems 5l 2.7 Bib1iography 52
3 VIDEO SAMPLING 3.l Basics of the Lattice Theory 54 3.2 Sampling over Lattices 59 3.3 Sampling of Video Signals 3.4 Filtering Operations in Cameras and Display Devices 3.5 Summary 80 3.6 Problems 80 3.7 Bibliography 83
4 VIDEO SAMPLING RATE CONVERSION 4.l Conversion of Signals Sampled on Different Lattices 4.2 Sampling Rate Conversion of Video Signals 4.3 Summary l05 4.4 Problems l06 4.5 Bibliography 109
5 VIDEO MODELING 5.l Camera Model 5.2 Illumination Model 5.3 Object Model l20 5.4 Scene Model 125 5.5 Two-Dimensional Motion Models l28 5.6 Summary l37 5.7 Problems l38 5.8 Bibliography 139
8 FOUNDATIONS OF VIDEO CODING 8.l Overview of Coding Systems 218 8.2 Basic Notions in Probability and Information Theory 22l 8.3 Information Theory for Source Coding 227 8.4 Binary Encoding 234 8.5 Scalar Quantization 24l 8.6 Vector Quantization 248 8.7 Sununary 257 8.8 Problems 259 8.9 Bibliography 26l
9 WAVEFORM-BASED VIDEO CODING 9.1 Block-Based Transform Coding 263 9.2 Predictive Coding 285 9.3 Video Coding Using Temporal Prediction and Transform Coding 9.4 Sununary 308 9.5 Problems 309 9.6 Bibliography 3ll
10 CONTENT-DEPENDENT VIDEOCODING l0.l Two-Dimensional Shape Coding 3l4 l0.2 Texture Coding for Arbitrarily Shaped Regions 324 l0.3 Joint Shape and Texture Coding 326 l0.4 Region-Based Video Coding 327 l0.5 Object-Based Video Coding 328 l0.6 Knowledge-Based Video Coding 336 l0.7 Semantic Video Coding 338 l0.8 Layered Coding System 339 l0.9 Summary 342 l0.l0 Problems 343 l0.ll Bibliography
13 VIDEO COMPRESSION STANDARDS l3.l Standardization 406 l3.2 Video Telephony with H.26l and H.263 4l3 l3.3 Standards for Visual Communication Systems 42l 13.4 Consume Video Communications with MPEG-1 423 13.5 Digital TV with MPEG-2 426 l3.6 Coding of Audiovisual Objects with MPEG-4 437 l3.7 Video Bit Stream Syntax 454 l3.8 Multimedia Content Description Using MPEG-7 458 l3.9 Summary 465 l3.l0 Problems 466 l3.ll Bibliography 467
14 ERROR CONTROL IN VIDEOCOMMUNICATIONS l4.l Motivation and Overview of Approaches 473 l4.2 Typical Video Applicahons and Conununication Networks 476 14.3 Transport-Level Error Contro1 485 l4.4 Error-Resilient Encoding 489 l4.5 Decoder Error Concealment 498 l4.6 Encoder-Decoder Interactive Error Control 502 l4.7 Error-Resilience Tools in H.263 and MPEG-4 505 l4.8 Sununary 509 l4.9 Problems 5ll l4.l0 Bibliography 5l3
15 STREAMING VIDEO OVER THE INTERNET AND WIRELESS IP NETWORKS l5.l Architecture for Video Streaming Systems 520 l5.2 Video Compression 522
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