since it was first established in the 1970s，theapplied linguestics and language atudy series bas become amajor force in the study of practical problems in hunman communication and language education.drawing extensively on empirical research and theoretical work in linguistics.sociology.psychology and education.the series expores key issues in language acquisition and language use.A feeling of unease presantly exists about the treatment of translation by translation theorists on the one hand and linguists on the other.translation theorists have made little systematic use of the techniques and insights of contemporry linguistics and linguists have been at best neutral to the theory of translation，this volume argues that the subjective evaluation of the product of translatingmust give way to a deseriptive and objective attempt to reveal the workings of the process without this shift，translation theory will continue to fall outside the mainstream of intellectual activity in the human seiences and fil to take its rightful place as a major field in applied linguisttics.roger bell is professor of linguistics and associate head of the school of languages at the polytechnic of central london.
Preface by Halliday 王宗炎序 Preface by Chomsky 沈家煊序 導讀 Acknowledgments Introduction Part 1: MODEL CHAPTER 1 Perspectives on translation 1.1 What is translation 1.1.1 Equivalence: semantic and stylistic 1.1.2 Rules: description and prescription 1.1.3 Translation; process and product 1.1.4 Summary 1.2 What is a translator 1.2.1 Memory, meaning and language 1.2.2 The communication process 1.2.3 The translation process 1.2.4 Summary 1.3 What is translation theory 1.3.1 Theories, models and analogies 1.3.2 Requirements for a theory of translation 1.3.3 Methodology; investigating translation 1.3.4 Summary 1.4 Conclusion CHAPTER 2 Translating; modelling the process 2.1 The translator: knowledge and skills 2.1.1 Ideal bilingual competence 2.1.2 Expertise 2.1.3 Communicative competence 2.1.4 Summary 2.2 Translating: the model 2.2.1 Components and processes 2.2.2 Analysis 2.2.3 Synthesis 2.2.4 Summary 2.3 Using the process to translate 2.3.1 Analysis: reading the source language text 2.3.2 Preparing to translate 2.3.3 Synthesis; writing the target language text 2.3.4 Summary 2.4 Conclusion Part 2: MEANING CHAPTER 3 Word-and sentence-meaning 3.1 Word-meaning: three approaches 3.1.1 Reference theory 3.1.2 Componential analysis 3.1.3 Meaning postulates 3.1.4 Summary 3.2 The thesaurus 3.2.1 Lexical and semantic fields 3.2.2 Denotation and connotation 3.2.3 Semantic differential 3.2.4 Summary 3.3 Sentence-meaning 3.3.1 Words and sentences 3.3.2 Utterance, sentence and proposition 3.3.3 Situation, context and universe of discourse 3.3.4 Summary 3.4 Conclusion CHAPTER 4 Logic, granunar and rhetoric 4.1 Cognitive meaning, ideational function andTRANSITMTY 4.1.1 Participants and processes 4.1.2 Circumstances 4.1.3 Logic and the translator 4.1.4 Summary 4.2 Interactional meaning, interpersonal function andMOOD 4.2.1 Communicative exchanges and clause options 4.2.2 Chain and choice: phrase options 4.2.3 Grammar and the translator 4.2.4 Summary 4.3 Discoursal meaning, the textual function and the THEME system 4.3.1 Organizing information; text structure 4.3.2 Thematizafion 4.3.3 Linking clauses: textual cohesion 4.3.4 Rhetoric and the translator 4.3.5 Summary 4.4 Conclusion CHAPTER 5 Text and discourse 5.1 Standards oftextuality 5.1.1 Cohesion and coherence 5.1.2 Intentionality and acceptability 5.1.3 Informativity, relevance and intertextuality 5.1.4 Summary 5.2 Speech acts and the co-operative principle 5.2.1 Components and rules 5.2.2 Indirect speech acts 5.2.3 The co-operative principle 5.2.4 Summary 5.3 Discourse parameters 5.3.1 Tenor 5.3.2 Mode 5.3.3 Domain 5.3.4 Summary 5.4 Conclusion Part 3: MEMORY CHAPTER 6 Text processing 6.1 Text-typologies 6.1.1 Formal typologies 6.1.2 Functional typologies 6.1.3 Text-types, forms and samples 6.1.4 Summary 6.2 Text processing: knowledge 6.2.1 Syntactic knowledge 6.2.2 Semantic knowledge 6.2.3 Pragmatic knowledge 6.2.4 Summary 6.3 Text processing: skills 6.3.1 Problem-solving and text-processing 6.3.2 Synthesis: writing 6.3.3 Analysis: reading 6.3.4 Summary 6.4 Conclusion CHAPTER 7 Information, knowledge and memory 7.1 Human information-processing 7.1.1 Three stages 7.1.2 Three processes 7.1.3 Five demons 7.1.4 Summary 7.2 Knowledge 7.2.1 Conceptual categories and entries 7.2.2 Encyclopedic entries 7.2.3 Schemas 7.2.4 Summary 7.3 Memory systems 7.3.1 Episodic and conceptual memory 7.3.2 Addressing systems 7.3.3 Recall from memory 7.3.4 Summary 7.4 Conclusion CHAPTER 8 Envoi Appendix Bibliography Index 文庫索引
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