數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)的C++偽碼實現(xiàn)：英文版

1　Introduction　1
1-1　Pseudocode　2
·Algorithm Header　2
·Purpose, Conditions, and Return　3
·Statement Numbers　4
·Variables　4
·Algorithm Analysis　5
·Statement Constructs　5
·Pseudocode Example　6
1-2　The Abstract Data Type　7
·Atomic and Composite Data　8
·Data Structure　8
·Abstract Data Type　9
1-3　A Model for an Abstract Data Type　10
·ADT Operations　11
·ADT Data Structure　11
·ADT Class Templates　13
1-4　Algorithm Efficiency　13
·Linear Loops　14
·Logarithmic Loops　14
·Nested Loops　15
·Big-O Notation　17
·Standard Measures of Efficiency　19
·Big-O Analysis Examples　20
1-5　Summary　22
1-6　Practice Sets　23
·Exercises　23
·Problems　25
·Projects　25
2　Searching　27
2-1　List Searches　28
·Sequential Search　28
·Variations on Sequential Searches　30
·Binary Search　33
·Binary Search Algorithm　36
·Analyzing Search Algorithms　37
2-2　C++ Search Algorithms　38
·Sequential Search in C++　38
·Binary Search in C++　40
·Search Example　41
2-3　Hashed List Searches　44
·Basic Concepts　44
·Hashing Methods　46
·Hashing Algorithm　50
2-4　Collision Resolution　51
·Open Addressing　53
·Linked List Resolution　57
·Bucket Hashing　57
·Combination Approaches　58
·Hash List Example　58
2-5　Summary　62
2-6　Practice Sets　64
·Exercises　64
·Problems　65
·Projects　65
3　Linked Lists　67
3-1　Linear List Concepts　68
·Insertion　68
·Deletion　69
·Retrieval　70
·Traversal　70
3-2　Linked List Concepts　70
·Nodes　71
·Linked List Data Structure　71
·Pointers to Linked Lists　73
3-3　Linked List Algorithms　73
·Create List　73
·Insert Node　74
·Delete Node　78
·Search List　80
·Unordered List Search　83
·Retrieve Node　83
·Empty List　84
·Full List　84
·List Count　85
·Traverse List　85
·Destroy List　87
3-4　Processing a Linked List　88
·Add Node　90
·Remove Node　90
·Print List　91
·Testing Insert and Delete Logic　92
3-5　List Applications　93
·Append Lists　93
·Array of Lists　95
3-6　Complex Linked List Structures　97
·Circularly Linked Lists　97
·Doubly Linked Lists　98
·Multilinked Lists　103
·Multilinked List Insert　104
·Multilinked List Delete　105
3-7　Building a Linked List——C++ Implementation　105
·Data Structure　105
·Application Functions　106
3-8　List Abstract Data Type——Linked List Implementation　112
·List ADT Declaration　113
3-9　Summary　124
3-10　Practice Sets　125
·Exercises　125
·Problems　127
·Projects　128
4　Stacks　135
4-1　Basic Stack Operations　136
·Push　136
·Pop　136
·Stack Top　137
4-2　Stack Linked List Implementation　137
·Data Structure　137
·Stack Algorithms　139
4-3　Stack Applications　148
·Reversing Data　146
·Reverse a List　146
·Convert Decimal to Binary　147
·Parsing　148
·Postponement　149
·Backtracking　157
4-4　Eight Queens Problem——C++ Implementation　163
·Main Line Logic　164
·Get Board Size　164
4-5　Stack Abstract Data Type Implementation　169
·Data Structure　169
·Stack ADT Implementation　170
4-6　Stack ADT—Array Implementation　175
·Array Data Structure　176
·Create Stack Array　177
·Push Stack Array　178
·Pop Stack Array　178
·Stack Top Array　179
·Empty Stack Array　180
·Full Stack Array　180
·Stack Count Array　180
·Destroy Stack Array　181
4-7　Summary　181
4-8　Practice Sets　182
·Exercises　182
·Problems　183
·Projects　185
5　Queues　189
5-1　Queue Operations　190
·Enqueue　190
·Dequeue　190
·Queue Front　191
·Queue Rear　191
·Queue Example　192
5-2　Queue Linked List Design　192
·Data Structure　192
·Queue Algorithms　194
·Create Queue　194
·Enqueue　196
·Dequeue　197
·Retrieving Queue Data　198
·Empty Queue　199
·Full Queue　199
·Queue Count　200
·Destroy Queue　200
5-3　Queuing Theory　200
5-4　Queue Applications　202
·Queue Simulation　202
·Categorizing Data　209
5-5　Categorizing Data——C++ Implementation　211
·Main Line Logic　211
·Fill Queues　212
·Print Queues　213
·Print One Queue　214
5-6　Queue ADT——Linked List Implementation　215
·Queue Structure　215
·Queue ADT Implementation　216
5-7　Queue ADT——Array Implementation　221
·Array Queues Implementation　222
5-8　Summary　228
5-9　Practice Sets　229
·Exercises　229
·Problems　231
·Projects　232
6　Recursion　237
6-1　Factorial——A Case Study　238
·Recursion Defined　238
·Iterative Solution　239
·Recursive Solution　239
6-2　How Recursion Works　240
6-3　Designing Recursive Algorithms　242
·The Design Methodology　243
·Limitations of Recursion　243
·Design Implementation——Reverse a Linked List　244
6-4　Another Case Study——Fibonacci Numbers　246
6-5　The Towers of Hanoi　249
·Recursive Towers Of Hanoi　250
6-6　C++ Implementations of Recursion　253
·Fibonacci Numbers　253
·Prefix to Postfix Conversion　254
·Towers of Hanoi　259
6-7　Summary　260
6-8　Practice Sets　261
·Exercises　261
·Problems　263
·Projects　264
7　Introduction to Trees　265
7-1　Basic Tree Concepts　266
·Terminology　266
·Tree Representation　268
7-2　Binary Trees　270
·Properties　271
7-3　Binary Tree Traversals　273
·Depth-First Traversals　273
·Breadth-First Traversals　278
7-4　Expression Trees　280
·Infix Traversal　280
·Postfix Traversal　281
·Prefix Traversal　282
7-5　General Trees　282
·Changing General Tree to Binary Tree　282
·Insertions into General Trees　283
·General Tree Deletions　285
7-6　Huffman Code　285
7-7　Summary　288
7-8　Practice Sets　290
·Exercises　293
·Problems　293
·Projects　293
8　Search Trees　294
8-1　Binary Search Trees　295
·Definition　295
·Operations on Binary Search Trees　296
·Binary Search Tree Search Algorithms　297
8-2　AVL Trees　306
·AVL Balance Factor　309
·Balancing Trees　309
·AVL Node Structure　314
·AVL Delete Algorithm　319
·Adjusting the Balance Factors　323
8-3　AVL Tree Implementation　324
·Data Structure　324
·Program Design　325
·Count Words Summary　328
8-4　AVL Abstract Data Type　329
·AVL Tree Data Structures　330
·AVL Tree Functions　331
·AVL Tree Data Processing　342
·AVL Tree Utility Functions　344
8-5　Summary　347
8-6　Practice Sets　348
·Exercises　348
·Problems　350
·Projects　351
9　Heaps　354
9-1　Heap Definition　355
9-2　Heap Structure　355
9-3　Basic Heap Algorithms　356
·ReheapUp　356
·ReheapDown　358
9-4　Heap Data Structure　360
9-5　Heap Algorithms　361
·ReheapUp　361
·ReheapDown　362
·BuildHeap　363
·InsertHeap　364
·DeleteHeap　365
9-6　Heap Applications　367
·Selection Algorithms　367
·Priority Queues　368
9-7　A Heap Program　370
·Heap Program Design　370
·Heap Functions　375
9-8　Summary　377
9-9　Practice Sets　378
·Exercises　378
·Problems　380
·Projects　380
10　Multiway Trees　383
10-1　m-Way Search Trees　384
10-2　B-Trees　385
·B-Tree Insertion　387
·B-Tree Insert Design　388
·B-Tree Insert Node　389
·B-Tree Deletion　396
·Traverse B-Tree　407
·B-Tree Search　410
10-3　Simplified B-Trees　411
·2-3 Tree　411
·2-3-4 Tree　411
10-4　B-Tree Variations　412
·B*Tree　412
·B+Tree　413
10-5　Lexical Search Tree　413
·Tries　414
·Trie Structure　415
10-6　B-Tree Abstract Data Type　415
·Header File　415
·Utility Functions　415
·Insert Algorithms　423
·Delete Algorithms　428
10-7　Summary　434
10-8　Practice Sets　435
·Exercises　435
·Problems　436
·Projects　436
11　Advanced Sorting Concepts　438
11-1　General Sort Concepts　439
·Sort Order　439
·Sort Stability　440
·Sort Efficiency　440
·Passes　440
11-2　Insertion Sorts　441
·Straight Insertion Sort　441
·Shell Sort　443
·Insertion Sort Algorithms　447
·Insertion Sort Implementation　449
11-3　Selection Sorts　451
·Straight Selection Sort　451
·Selection Sort Algorithms　456
·Selection Sort Implementation　457
11-4　Exchange Sorts　459
·Bubble Sort　459
·Bubble Sort Algorithm　461
·Quick Sort　462
·Exchange Sort Algorithms　468
11-5　Summary　470
·Exchange Sort Implementation　470
11-6　External Sorts　474
·Merging Ordered Files　474
·Merging Unordered Files　475
·The Sorting Process　476
·Sort Phase Revisited　482
11-7　Summary　484
11-8　Practice Sets　485
·Exercises　485
·Problems　486
·Projects　486
12　Graphs　490
12-1　Terminology　491
12-2　Operations　492
·Add Vertex　492
·Delete Vertex　493
·Add Edge　493
·Delete Edge　493
·Find Vertex　493
·Traverse Graph　494
12-3　Graph Storage Structures　497
·Adjacency Matrix　497
·Adjacency List　498
12-4　Graph Algorithms　499
·Create Graph　500
·Insert Vertex　500
·Delete Vertex　502
·Insert Arc　503
·Delete Arc　505
·Retrieve Vertex　506
·First Arc　507
·Depth-First Traversal　508
·Breadth-First Traversal　510
12-5　Networks　512
·Minimum Spanning Tree　512
·Shortest Path Algorithm　517
12-6　Abstract Data Type　521
·Insert Vertex　523
·Delete Vertex　524
·Insert Arc　525
·Delete Arc　526
·Depth-First Traversal　528
·Breadth-First Traversal　529
12-7　Summary　531
12-8　Practice Sets　532
·Exercises　532
·Problems　533
·Projects　534
Appendixes
A　ASCII Tables　537
B　Structure Charts　542
C　Program Standards and Styles　549
D　Random Numbers　554
E　Standard C++ Libraries　559
F　C++ Function Prototypes　561
G　Classes Related to Input and Output　569
H　The String Class　574
I　Pointers to Functions　584
J　Inheritance　587
K　C++ Templates　601
L　Standard Template Library　608
Solutions to Selected Exercises　626
Glossary　647
Index　657
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