語調(diào)在漢語研究中的地位是如此微妙：每一位漢語研究者都知道它具有非同一般的重要性，可是真正深入地探索過這一問題的學(xué)者并不多。這一方面是由于語調(diào)本身屬于超音段范疇，把握它不容易；另一方面也跟我們?nèi)狈σ环N理論方法有關(guān)。 Alan Cruttenden的這本書是西方第一部全面地探討語調(diào)這一問題的專著，不是僅僅限于英語，而是探討語調(diào)的普遍特征。它展示給我們的是如何在語言理論的指導(dǎo)下研究那些抽象的、捉摸不定的語言成分，又如何從那些抽象的、捉摸不定的語言現(xiàn)象中提取理論原則。本書是第二版，距離第一版的出版雖然已經(jīng)十多年了，卻依然是該領(lǐng)域最基本的參考書。相信每一位讀者都將從中得到理論和方法的啟示。
作者簡(jiǎn)介
暫缺《語調(diào)（英文版）》作者簡(jiǎn)介
圖書目錄
Acknowledgements Preface Transcriptions 1 PRELIMINARIES 1.1 Prosodic features 1.1.1 Length， loudness， and pitch 1.1.1.1 Length 1.1.1.2 Loudness 1.1.1.3 Pitch 1.1.1.4 Summary 1.2 Auditory and instrumental 1.3 Prominence 1.4 Intonation 1.5 Tone languages 1.6 Pitch accent languages 1.7 Summary Sources and further reading 2 STRESS， ACCENT， AND RHYTHM 2.1 Stress and accent 2.2 Word-stress 2.2.1 English word-stress 2.3 Degrees of stress/accent 2.4 Rhythm 2.5 Prosodic hierarchies 2.6 Summary Sources and further reading 3 THE FORMS OF INTONATION 3.1 The historical background to intonational studies 3.2 Intonation-groups 3.2.1 Pause 3.2.2 Other boundary markers 3.2.3 Internal structure as group marker 3.2.4 Problems in group delimitation 3.3 Contours and levels 3.4 Pitch accents and nucleus 3.5 Accent range， key， and register 3.6 Whole tunes and nuclear tones 3.7 English nuclear tones 3.8 Pre-nuclear pitch accents 3.9 Alternatives to nuclear tones 3.9.1 Autosegmental approaches (1) 3.9.2 Autosegmental approaches (2) 3.10 Summary and preview Sources and further reading 4 THE FUNCTIONS OF INTONATION 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Intonation-groups 4.3 Nucleus placement 4.3.1 Broad focus 4.3.2 Narrow focus 4.3.3 New and old information 4.3.3.1 Contrastivity 4.3.3.2 Echoes 4.3.3.3 Insists 4.3.4 Normal stress 4.4 English nuclear tones 4.4.1 Local meanings 4.4.1.1 Falls 4.4.1.2 Rises (dependent) 4.4.1.3 Rises (independent) 4.4.1.4 Tonal sequences 4.4.2 Conditioning factors 4.4.3 Abstract meanings 4.4.3.1 A two-tone approach 4.4.3.2 A three-tone approach 4.4.3.3 A compositional approach 4.4.4 Tonal features 4.4.4.1 Accent range 4.4.4.2 Complexity 4.4.4.3 Stylisation 4.4.4.4 Declination and downstep 4.5 Key and register 4.6 Summary Sources and further reading 5 COMPARATIVE INTONATION 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Style， class， and sex 5.3 Dialectal variation 5.3.1 British English 5.3.2 Variation in English dialects outside Britain 5.4 Cross-linguistic comparisons 5.4.1 Comparative intonation-groupings 5.4.2 Comparative nucleus placement 5.4.3 Comparative tone： alternative models 5.4.4 Comparative tone： basic typology 5.4.4.1 Declaratives 5.4.4.2 Yes/no interrogatives 5.4.4.3 Question word interrogatives 5.4.4.4 Imperatives and exclamatives 5.4.4.5 Pre-nuclear accents 5.4.4.6 Stereotyped patterns and chants 5.5 Intonational universals 5.5.1 Declination 5.5.2 Tonal universals 5.6 Intonational change 5.7 Intonation acquisition 5.8 Summary Sources and further reading 6 CONSPECTUS 6.1 Prosodic， pa "alinguistic， and extralinguistic 6.1.1 Prosodic features 6.1.2 Paralinguistic effects 6.2 Intonation and punctuation 6.3 Intonation and gesture 6.4 State-of-the-art Sources and further reading References Index
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