Acknowledgements
1 ELT: Taking stock of a world commodity
The aims of this book
English for all
Professional and ethical aspects of ELT ''aid''
Notes
2 English, the dominant language
English in core English-speaking countries
English in periphery-English countries
Language promotion
Opposition to the dominance of English
Notes
3 Linguistic imperialism: theoretical foundations
A cautionary word on terminology
A working definition of English linguistic
imperialism
Linguistic imperialism and linguicism
Cultural imperialism in science, the media, and
education
The State, hegemony, and ELT
Notes
4 Earlier work relevant to linguistic imperialism
Language spread
The sociology of language
Language planning
Theoretical models of language teaching and
learning
Linguistic human rights
Two approaches, Wardhaugh and Calvet
Notes
5 The colonial linguistic inheritance
Their masters'' language
Colonial educational language policy and practice
The importance of English as a colonial inheritance
Notes
6 British and American promotion of English
The origins and structure of the British Council
The British strategy for expanding ELT
American promotion of English
Anglo-American collaboration
Notes
7
Creating a profession: the structure and tenets of ELT
Creating a British academic base for ELT
ELT and educational language planning for under-
developed countries
Tenet one: English is best taught monolingually
Tenet two: the ideal teacher of English is a native
speaker
Tenet three: the earlier English is taught the better
the results
Tenet four: the more English is taught, the better the
results
Tenet five: if other languages are used much, standards
of English will drop
Conclusions: the legacy of Makerere
Notes
8 English language teaching in action
ELT research
ELT in ''aid'' to education
The overall context of ELT ''aid''
EFL, ESL or...
Principles for the analysis of ELT in ''aid''
Postulate 1: political disconnection
Postulate 2: narrowly technical training
English for special and new purposes
Notes
9 Arguments in linguistic imperialist discourse
Types of argument and types of power
English-intrinsic arguments
English-extrinsic arguments
English-functional arguments
The means used to exert linguistic power
Arguments in language planning for Namibia
Notes
10 Linguistic imperialism and ELT
ELT: master-minded
On the force of the evidence
Studying ELT and imperialism
Notes
Bibliography
Index
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